Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
Tropical-Biological Research Unit, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
Endocrinol Diabetes Metab. 2023 May;6(3):e409. doi: 10.1002/edm2.409. Epub 2023 Feb 9.
It is suggested that cytokines play a key role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, this study explored two recently discovered cytokines, interleukin (IL)-37 (anti-inflammatory) and IL-39 (pro-inflammatory), in T2DM due to limited data in this context.
Serum IL-37 and IL-39 levels were determined in 106 T2DM patients and 109 controls using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
Serum levels (median and interquartile range) of IL-37 (79 [47-102] vs. 60 [46-89] ng/L; probability [p] = .04) and IL-39 (66 [59-69] vs. 31 [19-42] ng/L; p < .001) were significantly elevated in T2DM patients compared to controls. As indicated by the area under the curve (AUC), IL-39 (AUC = 0.973; p < .001) was more predictable for T2DM than IL-37 (AUC = 0.582; p = .039). Elevated levels of IL-39 were significantly associated with T2DM (odds ratio = 1.30; p < .001), while IL-37 did not show this association. Classification of IL-37 and IL-39 levels by demographic and clinical characteristics of patients revealed some significant differences including gender (IL-39), body mass index (BMI; IL-37 and IL-39) and diabetic neuropathy (IL-39). BMI was positively correlated with IL-39 (correlation coefficient [r ] = 0.27; p = .005) and glycosylated haemoglobin (r = 0.31; p = .001), and negatively correlated with age at onset (r = -0.24; p = .015).
IL-37 and IL-39 levels were elevated in the serum of T2DM patients. Besides, IL-39 is proposed to be a novel cytokine associated with T2DM and positively correlated with BMI.
有观点认为细胞因子在 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）的发病机制中起着关键作用。因此，由于这方面的数据有限，本研究探索了两种最近发现的细胞因子，白细胞介素（IL）-37（抗炎）和 IL-39（促炎），在 T2DM 中的作用。
采用酶联免疫吸附试验试剂盒检测 106 例 T2DM 患者和 109 例对照者血清 IL-37 和 IL-39 水平。
与对照组相比，T2DM 患者血清 IL-37（中位数[四分位距]：79[47-102]比 60[46-89]ng/L；概率[p] =.04）和 IL-39（66[59-69]比 31[19-42]ng/L；p<.001）水平显著升高。曲线下面积（AUC）表明，IL-39（AUC=0.973;p<.001）对 T2DM 的预测作用优于 IL-37（AUC=0.582;p=0.039）。IL-39 水平升高与 T2DM 显著相关（比值比[OR]=1.30;p<.001），而 IL-37 则没有这种相关性。根据患者的人口统计学和临床特征对 IL-37 和 IL-39 水平进行分类，发现了一些显著差异，包括性别（IL-39）、体重指数（BMI；IL-37 和 IL-39）和糖尿病神经病变（IL-39）。BMI 与 IL-39 呈正相关（相关系数[r]=0.27;p=0.005）和糖化血红蛋白（r=0.31;p=0.001），与发病年龄呈负相关（r=-0.24;p=0.015）。
T2DM 患者血清中 IL-37 和 IL-39 水平升高。此外，IL-39 被认为是一种与 T2DM 相关的新型细胞因子，与 BMI 呈正相关。
