Wana Ermias Wabeto, Mengesha Nardos Anbese
Public Health Department, Jinka University, Jinka, Ethiopia.
Nefas Silk Lafto Sub-City, Maternal and Child Health Program officer, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Health Serv Res Manag Epidemiol. 2023 Feb 3;10:23333928231153011. doi: 10.1177/23333928231153011. eCollection 2023 Jan-Dec.
Hand washing is the simplest, most affordable, and most effective means of limiting the spread of infections. Despite increasing efforts to improve hand washing at critical times (after defecation, after handling child/adult feces or cleaning child's bottom, after cleaning the environment, before preparing food, and before eating food), mothers/caregivers of under-five children fail to conduct it; but the reason appears unclear. Thus, this study sought to identify hand washing at critical times and associated factors among mothers/caregivers of under-five children in Nefas Silk Lafto Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted on April 1-15, 2019, and 312 mothers/caregivers participated. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data from participants by interviewer-administered technique and the data were analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Science version 20. The factors were determined by conducting logistic regression and the crude odds ratio (COR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with their respective 95% confidence intervals. All statistical tests were conducted at a 5% level of significance.
The study revealed that 232 (74.4%; 95% CI [69.6%-79.2%]) mothers/caregivers washed their hands at critical times. The illiterate mothers/caregivers and mothers/caregivers who lacked tap water inside the home or the backyard had 66% (AOR = 0.34; 95%CI [0.17-0.69]) and 62% (AOR = 0.38; 95%CI [0.18-0.80]) reduced odds of washing hands at critical times, respectively. Mothers/caregivers from middle had (AOR = 4.56; 95%CI [1.84-11.33]), richer had (AOR = 5.61; 95%CI [2.11-15.30]), and the richest had (AOR = 6.14; 95%CI [2.24-16.72]) times increased likelihood of washing hands at critical times than the poorest.
The majority of mothers/caregivers practiced hand washing at critical times, and improving maternal literacy, household economy, and availability of water sources in the backyard are needed to maintain and enhance the practice.
洗手是限制感染传播最简单、最经济且最有效的方法。尽管在关键时期（排便后、处理儿童/成人粪便或清洁儿童臀部后、清洁环境后、准备食物前以及进食前）加大了促进洗手的力度，但五岁以下儿童的母亲/照料者仍未做到这一点；但其原因似乎并不明确。因此，本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴内法斯丝绸拉夫托市五岁以下儿童的母亲/照料者在关键时期的洗手情况及相关因素。
2019年4月1日至15日进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究，312名母亲/照料者参与其中。使用经过预测试的问卷，通过访谈员实施技术从参与者那里收集数据，并使用社会科学统计软件包第20版对数据进行分析。通过进行逻辑回归以及计算粗比值比（COR）和调整比值比（AOR）及其各自的95%置信区间来确定相关因素。所有统计检验均在5%的显著性水平上进行。
研究表明，232名（74.4%；95%置信区间[69.6%-79.2%]）母亲/照料者在关键时期洗手。文盲母亲/照料者以及家中或后院没有自来水的母亲/照料者在关键时期洗手的几率分别降低了66%（AOR = 0.34；95%置信区间[0.17-0.69]）和62%（AOR = 0.38；95%置信区间[0.18-0.80]）。来自中等收入家庭的母亲/照料者（AOR = 4.56；95%置信区间[1.84-11.33]）、富裕家庭的母亲/照料者（AOR = 5.61；95%置信区间[2.11-15.30]）以及最富裕家庭的母亲/照料者（AOR = 6.14；95%置信区间[2.24-16.72]）在关键时期洗手的可能性是最贫困家庭母亲/照料者的数倍。
大多数母亲/照料者在关键时期会洗手，需要提高母亲的识字率、家庭经济水平以及后院水源的可获得性，以维持和加强这种做法。
