Research Center for Social Determinant of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Management, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Glob Heart. 2023 Jan 23;18(1):1. doi: 10.5334/gh.1169. eCollection 2023.
Previous studies have shown that spiritual experience may reduce cardiovascular disease (CVDs). However, little is known about the relationship between spiritual health and the gender-specific risk of CVDs in communities with different cultures.
A total of 3249 individuals (53.7% female, 75.0% middle-aged) participated in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) from 2015 to 2017 were included. Based on the ACC/AHA pooled cohort equation, CVD risk over ten years was examined. Spiritual health was measured using a developed tool for measuring spiritual health in Muslim populations (SHIMA-48). Linear regression models were used to assess the association between spiritual health and ACC/AHA risk scores. The natural logarithm scale was calculated to consider the normal distribution hypothesis of the regression model.
The current results suggest a slight but significant increase in the mean of spiritual health in women compared to men in both cognitive/emotional and behavioral dimensions (P < 0.001). In both sexes, a higher prevalence of smoking was observed in participants with lower levels of spiritual health (P < 0.004). In men, compared to those with a low level of spiritual health (the first tertile), the logarithm of the ACC-AHA risk score was reduced by 0.11 (P = 0.004) and 0.18 (P < 0.001) for those in the second and third tertiles of spiritual health, respectively. This result may be attributed to higher cigarette smoking among the latter group. Similar results were not observed in women.
Current results indicate a gender-specific association between spiritual health and cardiovascular disease risk. Our findings imply that promoting spiritual health can be considered an effective strategy in future preventive interventions, primarily by controlling the desire to smoke in men.
先前的研究表明，精神体验可能会降低心血管疾病（CVD）的风险。然而，在文化背景不同的社区中，关于精神健康与 CVD 的性别特异性风险之间的关系，人们知之甚少。
共有 3249 名（53.7%为女性，75.0%为中年）参与者于 2015 年至 2017 年参加了德黑兰血脂和血糖研究（TLGS）。根据 ACC/AHA 综合队列方程，评估了十年内 CVD 的风险。使用针对穆斯林人群开发的精神健康测量工具（SHIMA-48）来衡量精神健康。使用线性回归模型评估精神健康与 ACC/AHA 风险评分之间的关联。为了考虑回归模型的正态分布假设，计算了自然对数尺度。
目前的结果表明，在认知/情感和行为维度，女性的精神健康平均水平略高于男性，但差异具有统计学意义（P<0.001）。在两性中，较低精神健康水平的参与者吸烟率更高（P<0.004）。与低精神健康水平（第一 tertile）的参与者相比，男性中精神健康水平处于第二 tertile 和第三 tertile 的个体的 ACC-AHA 风险评分对数分别降低了 0.11（P=0.004）和 0.18（P<0.001）。这一结果可能归因于后者组中更高的吸烟率。在女性中未观察到类似的结果。
目前的结果表明，精神健康与 CVD 风险之间存在性别特异性关联。我们的研究结果表明，在未来的预防干预中，促进精神健康可以被视为一种有效的策略，主要通过控制男性吸烟的欲望来实现。
