O'Donnell Shawn A, Ringelberg Jens J, Lewis Gwilym P
Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK Northumbria University Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom.
Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland.
PhytoKeys. 2022 Aug 22;205:99-145. doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.205.76790. eCollection 2022.
Recent phylogenomic analyses of 997 nuclear genes support the long-held view that the genus is congeneric with . is resolved as monophyletic only if the genus is subsumed within it. The two genera were distinguished solely by relatively minor differences in the mode of dehiscence of the fruits (a craspedium separating into one-seeded endocarp segments in versus a craspedium with the whole fruit valve breaking away from the persistent replum in ) and the craspedial fruit type itself provides a shared synapomorphy for the re-circumscribed . Here, we provide a synopsis of , including 11 new combinations in total, for the eight species, one subspecies and one variety previously placed in , as well as a new combination for a subspecies of Spreng. not previously dealt with when DC. was placed in synonymy. These new combinations are: (Benth.) S.A. O'Donnell & G.P. Lewis, ; (Burch.) S.A. O'Donnell & G.P. Lewis, ; (Harms) S.A. O'Donnell & G.P. Lewis, ; Entadagoetzeisubsp.lata (Brenan & Brummitt) S.A. O'Donnell & G.P. Lewis, ; (Burtt Davy) S.A. O'Donnell & G.P. Lewis, ; (J.H. Ross) S.A. O'Donnell & G.P. Lewis, ; (Harms) S.A. O'Donnell & G.P. Lewis, ; Entadarheedeisubsp.sinohimalensis (Grierson & D.G. Long) S.A. O'Donnell & G.P. Lewis, ; (Dinter) S.A. O'Donnell & G.P. Lewis, ; (E. Phillips) S.A. O'Donnell & G.P. Lewis, ; and Entadawoodiivar.pubescens (E. Phillips) S.A. O'Donnell & G.P. Lewis, We provide a revised circumscription of the genus which now comprises 40 species distributed pantropically, with the greatest diversity of species in tropical Africa. We present a complete taxonomic synopsis, including a map showing the global distribution of the genus and photographs showing variation amongst species in habit, foliage, flowers and fruits. A short discussion about extrafloral nectaries, mainly observed in the Madagascan species, is presented.
最近对997个核基因进行的系统基因组分析支持了长期以来的观点，即该属与另一属同属。只有当另一属归入该属时，该属才被解析为单系类群。这两个属仅通过果实开裂方式的相对微小差异来区分（一种是在某属中果盖分离成含单粒种子的内果皮节段，而在另一属中是整个果实瓣膜从宿存的胎座框上脱落），并且果盖果实类型本身为重新界定的该属提供了一个共同的共衍征。在此，我们提供了该属的概述，包括总共11个新组合，涉及先前置于另一属中的8个物种、1个亚种和1个变种，以及一个先前在某属被归为异名时未处理的某物种亚种的新组合。这些新组合如下：（原作者及学名）S.A. 奥唐奈和G.P. 刘易斯重新组合后的学名；（原作者及学名）S.A. 奥唐奈和G.P. 刘易斯重新组合后的学名；（原作者及学名）S.A. 奥唐奈和G.P. 刘易斯重新组合后的学名；Entadagoetzeisubsp.lata（原作者及学名）S.A. 奥唐奈和G.P. 刘易斯重新组合后的学名；（原作者及学名）S.A. 奥唐奈和G.P. 刘易斯重新组合后的学名；（原作者及学名）S.A. 奥唐奈和G.P. 刘易斯重新组合后的学名；（原作者及学名）S.A. 奥唐奈和G.P. 刘易斯重新组合后的学名；Entadarheedeisubsp.sinohimalensis（原作者及学名）S.A. 奥唐奈和G.P. 刘易斯重新组合后的学名；（原作者及学名）S.A. 奥唐奈和G.P. 刘易斯重新组合后的学名；（原作者及学名）S.A. 奥唐奈和G.P. 刘易斯重新组合后的学名；以及Entadawoodiivar.pubescens（原作者及学名）S.A. 奥唐奈和G.P. 刘易斯重新组合后的学名。我们提供了该属的修订界定，现在该属包括40个分布于泛热带地区的物种，其中热带非洲的物种多样性最高。我们给出了一个完整的分类概述，包括一幅显示该属全球分布的地图以及展示不同物种在习性、叶子、花朵和果实方面差异的照片。还对主要在马达加斯加物种中观察到的花外蜜腺进行了简短讨论。
