如果建立了检测点，人们会来吗？检测点的可用性是否是导致 COVID-19 检测地理差异的根本原因？
If you build it, will they come? Is test site availability a root cause of geographic disparities in COVID-19 testing?
机构信息
School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; West Virginia Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
West Virginia Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; John Chambers School of Business, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
出版信息
Public Health. 2023 Mar;216:21-26. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.09.009. Epub 2022 Sep 20.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between test site availability and testing rate within the context of social determinants of health.
STUDY DESIGN
A retrospective ecological investigation was conducted using statewide COVID-19 testing data between March 2020 and December 2021.
METHODS
Ordinary least squares and geographically weighted regression were used to estimate state and ZIP code level associations between testing rate and testing sites per capita, adjusting for neighbourhood-level confounders.
RESULTS
The findings indicate that site availability is positively associated with the ZIP code level testing rate and that this association is amplified in communities of greater economic deprivation. In addition, economic deprivation is a key factor for consideration when examining ethnic differences in testing in medically underserved states.
CONCLUSION
The study findings could be used to guide the delivery of testing facilities in resource-constrained states.
目的
本研究旨在探讨社会决定因素背景下检测点的可及性与检测率之间的关系。
研究设计
利用 2020 年 3 月至 2021 年 12 月期间的全州 COVID-19 检测数据，进行了一项回顾性生态研究。
方法
采用普通最小二乘法和地理加权回归，在邻里水平混杂因素校正的基础上，估计了检测率与人均检测点之间的州和邮政编码水平关联。
结果
研究结果表明，检测点的可及性与邮政编码水平的检测率呈正相关，而在经济贫困程度较高的社区中，这种相关性更为显著。此外，在医疗资源匮乏的州，经济贫困是考察族裔差异检测时需要考虑的一个关键因素。
结论
研究结果可用于指导资源有限的州的检测设施的提供。
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