Figy Christopher, Guo Anna, Fernando Veani Roshale, Furuta Saori, Al-Mulla Fahd, Yeung Kam C
Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait.
Cancers (Basel). 2023 Feb 2;15(3):958. doi: 10.3390/cancers15030958.
Tumor microenvironment (TME) is the immediate environment where cancer cells reside in a tumor. It is composed of multiple cell types and extracellular matrix. Microenvironments can be restrictive or conducive to the progression of cancer cells. Initially, microenvironments are suppressive in nature. Stepwise accumulation of mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes enables cancer cells to acquire the ability to reshape the microenvironment to advance their growth and metastasis. Among the many genetic events, the loss-of-function mutations in tumor suppressor genes play a pivotal role. In this review, we will discuss the changes in TME and the ramifications on metastasis upon altered expression of tumor metastasis suppressor gene RKIP in breast cancer cells.
肿瘤微环境（TME）是癌细胞在肿瘤中所处的直接环境。它由多种细胞类型和细胞外基质组成。微环境对癌细胞的进展可能具有限制性或促进性。最初，微环境本质上具有抑制作用。癌基因和肿瘤抑制基因中突变的逐步积累使癌细胞能够获得重塑微环境以促进其生长和转移的能力。在众多基因事件中，肿瘤抑制基因的功能丧失突变起着关键作用。在本综述中，我们将讨论乳腺癌细胞中肿瘤转移抑制基因RKIP表达改变时TME的变化及其对转移的影响。
