Zhang Hong, Su Qi-Zhi, Shang Gui-Qin, Weng Yun-Xuan, Zhu Lei
School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China.
Foods. 2023 Feb 3;12(3):678. doi: 10.3390/foods12030678.
Plant fiber/plastic composites (PPCs) have been widely used in food contact materials (FCMs) for many benefits, such as their claimed better environmental footprint compared to conventional plastics. However, their safety is still not fully understood and must be comprehensively evaluated. Non-volatiles extracted from six PPCs with different plant fibers and polymer matrices were characterized by employing ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry in combination with various spectral libraries and manual elucidation, taking into account spectral similarity and characteristic product ions. A total of 115 compounds were tentatively identified, 50 of which were oligomers or their derivatives from the sample with polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) as the polymer matrix, and some of them were Cramer rules class III substances based on the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC). Seven reaction products between PLA and PBAT monomers, as well as four derivatives of melamine, were elucidated and well detailed for the first time. In addition, bisphenol S was detected in all samples even though its origin remains to be further explored. Isoprothiolane, as an insecticide and fungicide used to control a range of rice pests, was identified in the sample with rice husk as fillers, experimentally confirming the presence of agrochemicals in samples containing plant fibers.
植物纤维/塑料复合材料（PPCs）因其诸多优点，如与传统塑料相比具有更好的环境足迹，已被广泛应用于食品接触材料（FCMs）中。然而，其安全性仍未得到充分了解，必须进行全面评估。通过采用超高效液相色谱与四极杆飞行时间质谱联用，并结合各种光谱库和人工解析，同时考虑光谱相似性和特征产物离子，对从六种具有不同植物纤维和聚合物基体的PPCs中提取的非挥发性物质进行了表征。共初步鉴定出115种化合物，其中50种是来自以聚乳酸（PLA）和聚己二酸对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBAT）为聚合物基体的样品中的低聚物或其衍生物，其中一些根据毒理学关注阈值（TTC）属于克莱默规则III类物质。首次阐明并详细描述了PLA和PBAT单体之间的七种反应产物以及三聚氰胺的四种衍生物。此外，在所有样品中均检测到双酚S，尽管其来源仍有待进一步探索。异稻瘟净作为一种用于防治多种水稻害虫的杀虫剂和杀菌剂，在以稻壳为填料的样品中被鉴定出来，实验证实了含有植物纤维的样品中存在农用化学品。
