Khan Samiullah, Shi Xiaoli, Cai Renlian, Zhao Shuai, Li Xialin, Khan Ibrar Muhammad, Yin Zhiyong, Lu Hongpei, Hilal Mian Gul, Yi Ren, Wu Yonggui, Guo Jianjun
Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University; Guiyang, 550025, PR China.
College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China.
Poult Sci. 2024 Dec;103(12):104315. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104315. Epub 2024 Sep 12.
Black soldier fly (BSF) larvae convert wastes into protein, playing a vital role in addressing the challenge of sustainable poultry production. These larvae accumulate toxic substances, posing a risk to feed and food safety. This study investigates the effects of substituting soybean meal with different levels of BSF larvae meal on laying performance, egg quality, serum analysis, and the deposition of various metals in eggs, meat, and excreta. A total of 1,008 Lohmann hens (age 48 wk) were randomly assigned to 4 treatments. The treatments consisted of corn-soybean meal (CK) diet replaced with 7% (BSF7), 14% (BSF14), and 21% (BSF21) BSF larvae meal. Each treatment consisted of 6 replicates with 42 hens each and the trial lasted for 8 wk. Dietary BSF larvae meal treatments increased (linear, P < 0.05) the laying rate (1.52 to 1.95%) and decreased (linear, P < 0.01) the feed intake (3.64-3.86 g) during the entire experiment. During 48 to 52 wk, egg weight was decreased (P < 0.001) 0.93 g for the BSF21 group compared to CK group, however, during 52-56 wk, no differences in egg weight were observed among treatments. The addition of BSF larvae meal enhanced the eggshell strength (linear, P < 0.05), with no effect on the albumen height and yolk weight (P > 0.05). Low transfer of arsenic, lead, and cadmium concentration was observed in the egg yolk and egg white across different treatments (P > 0.05). Conversely, the concentrations of these metals and iron showed an increase, while Zinc exhibited a decrease in excreta as the dietary intake of BSF larvae meal increased. The chromium and iron increased linearly (P < 0.001) in the egg white with the inclusion of BSF larvae meal. Egg white iron and chromium showed a strong positive correlation with the dietary zinc and copper. Taken together, BSF larvae can replace soybean meal completely in laying diet, however, careful attention requires to elevated metal levels in diet and excreta.
黑水虻幼虫能将废弃物转化为蛋白质，在应对可持续家禽生产挑战方面发挥着至关重要的作用。这些幼虫会积累有毒物质，对饲料和食品安全构成风险。本研究调查了用不同水平的黑水虻幼虫粉替代豆粕对产蛋性能、蛋品质、血清分析以及蛋、肉和排泄物中各种金属沉积的影响。总共1008只罗曼蛋鸡（48周龄）被随机分配到4种处理组。处理组包括用7%（BSF7）、14%（BSF14）和21%（BSF21）的黑水虻幼虫粉替代玉米 - 豆粕（CK）日粮。每个处理组有6个重复，每个重复42只母鸡，试验持续8周。在整个实验期间，日粮中添加黑水虻幼虫粉使产蛋率提高（线性关系，P < 0.05）（提高了1.52%至1.95%），采食量降低（线性关系，P < 0.01）（降低了3.64 - 3.86克）。在48至52周期间，与CK组相比，BSF21组的蛋重降低了（P < 0.001）0.93克，然而，在52 - 56周期间，各处理组之间未观察到蛋重差异。添加黑水虻幼虫粉提高了蛋壳强度（线性关系，P < 0.05），对蛋白高度和蛋黄重量没有影响（P > 0.05）。在不同处理组的蛋黄和蛋清中，砷、铅和镉的浓度转移较低（P > 0.05）。相反，随着日粮中黑水虻幼虫粉摄入量的增加，排泄物中这些金属和铁的浓度升高，而锌的浓度降低。随着黑水虻幼虫粉添加到日粮中，蛋清中的铬和铁呈线性增加（P < 0.001）。蛋清中的铁和铬与日粮中的锌和铜呈强正相关。综上所述，黑水虻幼虫可以完全替代蛋鸡日粮中的豆粕，然而，需要密切关注日粮和排泄物中金属水平的升高。
