School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, 932 Lu Shan South Road, Changsha 410083, China.
Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co., Ltd., Maanshan 243000, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 20;20(3):1941. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20031941.
The problem of heat hazard in tunnel engineering has seriously affected the normal work of personnel and machinery. After combining the heat hazard control method of controlling the energy source and blocking the energy transfer, a technical scheme of precise thermal insulation at the working face in concert with geothermal energy extraction is proposed, forming a coupled cooling method of ventilation and partial thermal insulation. By building a scaled model test platform, the temperature field of the working area was analyzed, and the effect of factors, such as with or without a thermal insulation layer, ventilation velocity, and surrounding rock temperature on the cooling limit, was discussed. The feasibility of extracting energy and enhancing cooling through the heat exchange layer was judged. The results show that the partial thermal insulation can effectively weaken the heat dissipation of the surrounding rock and enhance the ventilation and cooling effect, which can reduce the average ventilation limit temperature of the working area by 1.6 °C. The addition of the heat exchange layer can further improve the tunnel environment on the basis of partial insulation, making the cooling limit temperature drop by another 3.1 °C, and the heat exchange layer can work for one year to extract geothermal energy 4.5 × 10 J. The coupled cooling scheme of ventilation and partial thermal insulation is practical and useful, which can provide technical ideas for improving the thermal environment of the tunnel.
隧道工程热害问题严重影响人员和机械的正常作业。在结合了控制能源和阻断能量传递的热害控制方法后，提出了工作面精确隔热与地热能提取相结合的技术方案，形成了通风与局部隔热的耦合冷却方法。通过建立缩尺模型试验平台，分析了工作面的温度场，讨论了有无隔热层、通风速度、围岩温度等因素对冷却极限的影响，判断了通过热交换层提取能量和增强冷却的可行性。结果表明，局部隔热可以有效减弱围岩散热，增强通风冷却效果，使工作面平均通风极限温度降低 1.6°C。在局部隔热的基础上增加热交换层可以进一步改善隧道环境，使冷却极限温度再降低 3.1°C，热交换层每年可提取地热能 4.5×10 J。通风与局部隔热的耦合冷却方案实用有效，可为改善隧道热环境提供技术思路。
