REMOSS Research Group, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain.
School of Nursing, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 31;20(3):2494. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032494.
Uncontrolled external bleeding is a common cause of preventable death, and due to the environment in which these events often occur, e.g., in hostile environments, the state security forces are usually the first responders, and in many cases, if they are injured their partners provide the initial assistance. The tourniquet is a fast, effective, and easy-to-learn intervention, although there is a knowledge gap concerning training techniques. The objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of a bleeding control training program on a high-fidelity mannequin in a simulated critical situation in a law enforcement training environment. A quasi-experimental study was carried out with 27 members of the state security forces. They underwent brief theoretical-practical training and were evaluated via a scenario involving a critically ill patient in a hostile environment. The results showed that no member of the state security forces completed all the tourniquet placement steps, 26 (96%) prepared the tourniquet correctly, 21 (77.8%) placed it on the leg, and all the participants adjusted the band to the thickness of the injured limb and secured the windlass to the triangular flange of the device. However, only 23 (85.2%) of the participants placed it effectively. The participants, who were members of the state security forces, were able to effectively resolve a critical situation with active bleeding in a simulation scenario with a high-fidelity mannequin after completing theoretical-practical training.
失控性外部出血是可预防死亡的常见原因，由于这些事件经常发生的环境，例如在敌对环境中，国家安全部队通常是第一反应者，在许多情况下，如果他们受伤，他们的同伴会提供初步援助。止血带是一种快速、有效且易于学习的干预措施，尽管在培训技术方面存在知识差距。目的是评估在执法培训环境中的模拟危急情况下，高保真人体模型上的出血控制培训计划的有效性。对 27 名国家安全部队成员进行了准实验研究。他们接受了简短的理论实践培训，并通过涉及在敌对环境中病重患者的场景进行评估。结果表明，没有一名国家安全部队成员完成了所有止血带放置步骤，26 名（96%）正确准备了止血带，21 名（77.8%）将其放在腿上，所有参与者将带调整到受伤肢体的厚度，并将绞盘固定到设备的三角法兰上。然而，只有 23 名（85.2%）参与者有效地放置了止血带。参加者是国家安全部队成员，在使用高保真人体模型的模拟场景中完成理论实践培训后，能够有效地解决有活动性出血的危急情况。
