School of Architecture, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300272, China.
Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 1;20(3):2642. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032642.
Urbanization has adverse environmental effects, such as rising surface temperatures. This study analyzes the relationship between the urban heat island (UHI) intensity and Tianjin city's land cover characteristics. The land use cover change (LUCC) effects on the green areas and the land surface temperature (LST) were also studied. The land cover characteristics were divided into five categories: a built-up area, an agricultural area, a bare area, a forest, and water. The LST was calculated using the thermal bands of spatial images taken from 2005 to 2020. The increase in the built-up area was mainly caused by the agricultural area decreasing by 11.90%. The average land surface temperature of the study area increased from 23.50 to 36.51 °C, and the region moved to a high temperature that the built-up area's temperature increased by 1.5%. Still, the increase in vegetation cover was negative. From 2020 to 2050, the land surface temperature is expected to increase by 9.5 °C. The high-temperature areas moved into an aerial distribution, and the direction of urbanization determined their path. Urban heat island mitigation is best achieved through forests and water, and managers of urban areas should avoid developing bare land since they may suffer from degradation. The increase in the land surface temperature caused by the land cover change proves that the site is becoming more urbanized. The findings of this study provide valuable information on the various aspects of urbanization in Tianjin and other regions. In addition, future research should look into the public health issues associated with rapid urbanization.
城市化对环境有不利影响，如地表温度上升。本研究分析了城市热岛（UHI）强度与天津市土地覆盖特征之间的关系。还研究了土地利用覆盖变化（LUCC）对绿地和地表温度（LST）的影响。土地覆盖特征分为五类：建成区、农业区、裸地区、森林区和水区。使用 2005 年至 2020 年拍摄的空间图像的热波段计算了 LST。建成区的增加主要是由于农业区减少了 11.90%。研究区域的平均地表温度从 23.50°C 增加到 36.51°C，该区域转移到高温区域，建成区的温度增加了 1.5%。然而，植被覆盖的增加是负面的。从 2020 年到 2050 年，预计地表温度将升高 9.5°C。高温区域呈空中分布，城市化的方向决定了它们的路径。通过森林和水来缓解城市热岛效应效果最佳，城市管理者应避免开发裸地，因为它们可能会退化。土地覆盖变化引起的地表温度升高证明了该地点正在变得更加城市化。本研究的结果提供了有关天津及其他地区城市化各个方面的有价值的信息。此外，未来的研究应该关注与快速城市化相关的公共卫生问题。
