School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada.
Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G4, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 3;20(3):2762. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032762.
Musculoskeletal injury (MSI) contributes to global health burdens. Effective MSI prevention is necessary. MSI risk factor screening tools can be used by employers to identify and mitigate occupational hazards. Rigorous synthesis of the effectiveness of these tools has not taken place. We synthesized literature on effectiveness of MSI risk factor screening tools for reducing injury through informing prevention interventions.
A literature search of Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library (Trials), CINAHL, Scopus and PsycINFO databases was performed. Included studies required an analytic design, used an MSI risk factor screening tool to inform an intervention in a working-age population and reported an outcome of MSI development, injury or compensation/work absence. Data extraction and study quality rating (Downs and Black criteria) were completed. Studies were sub-categorized as having used a single MSI screening tool (single-tool) to inform an injury prevention intervention or involving multiple simultaneous screening tools (multiple-tool). Study outcomes were synthesized when possible.
Eighteen articles representing fourteen studies met our inclusion criteria. No high-quality studies were identified (maximum Downs and Black score of 19). Studies did not employ previously validated tools but instead, typically, those purpose-built for a single use. The results were inconsistent both when using tools alone and in combination with other tools. Outcome measure heterogeneity precluded meaningful meta-analysis.
There is limited evidence regarding use of MSI risk factor screening tools for preventing injury. Rigorous studies that utilize previously validated tools are needed.
肌肉骨骼损伤（MSI）对全球健康负担有影响。需要有效的 MSI 预防措施。雇主可以使用 MSI 风险因素筛查工具来识别和减轻职业危害。这些工具的有效性尚未进行严格的综合评估。我们综合了有关 MSI 风险因素筛查工具在通过预防干预减少损伤方面的有效性的文献。
对 Medline、Embase、Cochrane 图书馆（试验）、CINAHL、Scopus 和 PsycINFO 数据库进行了文献检索。纳入的研究需要分析设计，使用 MSI 风险因素筛查工具为工作年龄段人群提供干预，并报告 MSI 发展、损伤或赔偿/工作缺勤的结果。完成了数据提取和研究质量评分（Downs 和 Black 标准）。研究分为使用单一 MSI 筛查工具（单一工具）来告知预防干预或涉及多个同时使用的筛查工具（多工具）。在可能的情况下，对研究结果进行了综合。
有 18 篇文章代表 14 项研究符合我们的纳入标准。没有发现高质量的研究（最高 Downs 和 Black 评分为 19 分）。研究没有使用以前验证过的工具，而是通常针对单一用途而专门设计的工具。单独使用工具和与其他工具结合使用时，结果都不一致。结果衡量标准的异质性使得进行有意义的荟萃分析变得不可能。
关于使用 MSI 风险因素筛查工具预防损伤的证据有限。需要使用以前验证过的工具进行严格的研究。
