Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 18;24(3):1920. doi: 10.3390/ijms24031920.
Sepsis and COVID-19 patients often manifest an imbalance in inflammation and coagulation, a complex pathological mechanism also named thromboinflammation, which strongly affects patient prognosis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles released by cells into extracellular space that have a relevant role in cell-to-cell communication. Recently, EVs have been shown to act as important players in a variety of pathologies, including cancer and cardiovascular disease. The biological properties of EVs in the mechanisms of thromboinflammation during sepsis and COVID-19 are still only partially known. Herein, we summarize the current experimental evidence on the role of EVs in thromboinflammation, both in bacterial sepsis and in COVID-19. A better understanding of EV involvement in these processes could be useful in describing novel diagnostic and therapeutic applications of EVs in these diseases.
脓毒症和 COVID-19 患者常表现出炎症和凝血失衡，这是一种复杂的病理机制，也称为血栓炎症，强烈影响患者的预后。细胞外囊泡（EVs）是细胞释放到细胞外空间的纳米颗粒，在细胞间通讯中具有重要作用。最近，EVs 被证明是多种病理过程（包括癌症和心血管疾病）中的重要参与者。在脓毒症和 COVID-19 中的血栓炎症机制中，EVs 的生物学特性仍知之甚少。本文总结了目前关于 EVs 在细菌脓毒症和 COVID-19 中血栓炎症中的作用的实验证据。更好地了解 EV 在这些过程中的参与可能有助于描述 EV 在这些疾病中的新型诊断和治疗应用。
