Faldini Cesare, Brunello Matteo, Pilla Federico, Geraci Giuseppe, Stefanini Niccolò, Tassinari Leonardo, Di Martino Alberto
Ist Orthopaedic Department, IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Giulio Cesare Pupilli, 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science-DIBINEM, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2023 Jan 17;12(3):751. doi: 10.3390/jcm12030751.
The pathologic anatomy of Crowe III is characterized by the erosion of the superior rim of acetabulum, with a typical bone defect in its supero-lateral portion. The performance of a total hip arthroplasty requires the management of the acetabular bone defect, and femoral head autograft can be a valid option to optimize implant coverage. In all, eight Crowe III patients (nine hips), seven of which having unilateral hip affected, and one with bilateral involvement by secondary osteoarthritis in DDH; maximum limb length discrepancy (LLD) of 3.5 cm in unilateral patients. All were operated on by direct anterior approach. Patients were evaluated in terms of clinical, surgical, and radiological (center-edge, horizontal coverage, cup inclination) parameters. Cup placement was implanted with a mean of 39.5 ± 7.5°. Stem alignment showed average 1.5 ± 2.3° in valgus. LLD showed an overall average preoperative of -29.5 ± 10.5 mm at the affected side, with a significant improvement to -2.5 ± 6.4 mm ( = 0.023). The mean initial coverage evaluated like a percentage of the horizontal bone host was 52.1 ± 7.1%, while the mean final coverage at the last post-operative X-ray from femoral autograft bone was 97.0 ± 4.5% with an average improvement of 44.5%. Average CE improved from -9.5 ± 5.2° (CE I) to the immediate post-operative (CE II) of 40.6 ± 8.2°. At the final follow up, CE III showed a mean of 38.6 ± 6.2°, with an average decrease of 2.0°. Acetabular bone defect in Crowe III DDH patients undergoing THA by DAA, can be efficiently managed by massive autograft femoral head, which allowed an adequate and long-lasting coverage of the implant, with cup positioning at the native acetabulum.
Crowe III型的病理解剖特征为髋臼上缘侵蚀,其外上部分有典型的骨缺损。全髋关节置换术的实施需要处理髋臼骨缺损,自体股骨头移植可能是优化植入物覆盖的有效选择。共有8例Crowe III型患者(9髋),其中7例为单侧髋关节受累,1例因发育性髋关节发育不良继发骨关节炎双侧受累;单侧患者最大肢体长度差异(LLD)为3.5厘米。所有患者均采用直接前路手术。从临床、手术和放射学(中心边缘、水平覆盖、髋臼杯倾斜度)参数对患者进行评估。髋臼杯植入时平均倾斜度为39.5±7.5°。股骨柄对线平均外翻1.5±2.3°。LLD在患侧术前总体平均为-29.5±10.5毫米,显著改善至-2.5±6.4毫米(P=0.023)。以水平骨宿主百分比评估的平均初始覆盖度为52.1±7.1%,而术后最后一次X线检查时自体股骨移植骨的平均最终覆盖度为97.0±4.5%,平均改善44.5%。平均中心边缘角从-9.5±5.2°(CE I)改善至术后即刻的40.6±8.2°(CE II)。在最后随访时,CE III平均为38.6±6.2°,平均下降2.0°。对于采用直接前路进行全髋关节置换术的Crowe III型发育性髋关节发育不良患者,髋臼骨缺损可通过大量自体股骨头有效处理,这使得植入物得到充分且持久的覆盖,髋臼杯位于原髋臼位置。