Burt S Alexandra, Thaler Daniel, Shewark Elizabeth A, Pearson Amber M, Anaya Carolina, Tomlinson Rachel C, Neiderhiser Jenae M, Klump Kelly L, Lonstein Joseph S
Michigan State University.
University of Michigan.
J Marriage Fam. 2023 Feb;85(1):153-172. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12871. Epub 2022 Jul 13.
Our goal was to illuminate associations between specific characteristics of under-resourced neighborhoods (i.e., socioeconomic deprivation, danger) and specific aspects of parenting (e.g., parental praise, parental nurturance, harsh parenting, parental control).
Prior work has highlighted associations between level of neighborhood disadvantage and the parenting of its residents. However, this work has yet to clarify the specific characteristics of the neighborhood or the types of parenting involved.
Exhaustive modelling analyses were conducted in a sample of 1,030 families of twins (average age 8 years; 51% male, 49% female; the racial composition was 82% White, 10% Black, 1% Asian, 1% Indigenous, 6% multiracial) from the Twin Study of Behavioral and Emotional Development in Children. Neighborhood and parenting were assessed using multiple informants and assessment strategies (neighborhood informants, family informants, administrative data, videotaped parent-child interactions).
Neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation (i.e., limited institutional and economic structural resources) demonstrated small but consistent associations with positive parenting behaviors and maternal control, but not with negative parenting behaviors. Neighborhood danger (i.e., recorded crime, fear of crime, exposure to community violence), by contrast, demonstrated weaker associations with parenting that dissipated once we controlled for overlap with socioeconomic deprivation.
Danger and socioeconomic deprivation do not function as interchangeable characteristics of under-resourced neighborhoods, at least in terms of their association with positive parenting. Future studies should identify the specific mechanisms through which neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation is associated with supportive parenting.
我们的目标是阐明资源匮乏社区的特定特征（即社会经济剥夺、危险）与养育方式的特定方面（如父母赞扬、父母关爱、严厉养育、父母控制）之间的关联。
先前的研究强调了社区劣势程度与其居民养育方式之间的关联。然而，这项工作尚未阐明社区的具体特征或所涉及的养育方式类型。
对来自儿童行为与情感发展双胞胎研究的1030个双胞胎家庭（平均年龄8岁；51%为男性，49%为女性；种族构成是82%白人、10%黑人、1%亚洲人、1%原住民、6%多种族）样本进行了详尽的模型分析。使用多种信息提供者和评估策略（社区信息提供者、家庭信息提供者、行政数据、亲子互动录像）对社区和养育方式进行评估。
社区社会经济剥夺（即机构和经济结构资源有限）与积极养育行为和母亲控制表现出虽小但一致的关联，但与消极养育行为无关。相比之下，社区危险（即记录在案的犯罪、对犯罪的恐惧、接触社区暴力）与养育方式的关联较弱，一旦我们控制了与社会经济剥夺的重叠部分，这种关联就会消失。
危险和社会经济剥夺并非资源匮乏社区的可互换特征，至少就它们与积极养育方式的关联而言是这样。未来的研究应确定社区社会经济剥夺与支持性养育方式相关联的具体机制。
