Acevedo Mónica, Varleta Paola, Casas-Cordero Carolina, Berríos Amalia, Navarrete Carlos, López Rosario
Fundación SOCHICAR de la Sociedad Chilena de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascular, Santiago, Chile.
Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Lancet Reg Health Am. 2021 Sep 11;4:100071. doi: 10.1016/j.lana.2021.100071. eCollection 2021 Dec.
Ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) sought to reduce cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. In Chile, CV mortality in women is high. The study's main aim was to determine the prevalence of ideal CVH, and the factors and behaviors associated with ideal CVH in women from Santiago de Chile.
Cross-sectional study in women between 35 - 70 years old who were selected through a probabilistic, multistage, and geographically stratified sampling. The study included a survey on demographic and CV risk factors and anthropometric, blood pressure, and biochemical measurements. Three categories were used to characterize low (0-2), intermediate (3-4), and high (5-7) levels of AHA's Ideal CVH index. We assessed the prevalence of ideal CVH by age, education level, and socioeconomic status and determined the independent associations of different variables with ideal CVH.
620 women, mean age 51± 4 years old, were recruited. Ideal CVH prevalence was 14.3%; none of the women presented an ideal healthy diet, and only 22.6% reached an ideal BMI. The best predictors of ideal CVH were a high education level (OR= 2.85; 1.43 to 5.92; p < 0.01), having less than two alcoholic drinks per day (OR= 4.09; 1.60 to 13.77; p< 0.01), and having a pregnancy history without preeclampsia and/or gestational diabetes (OR=1.94; 1.07 to 3.71; p=0.04).
This study demonstrates a low ideal CVH prevalence in Chilean women. Education level was a significant factor associated with ideal CVH. But also, women-specific risk factors, such as a history of preeclampsia/gestational diabetes, and alcohol consumption, were important factors related to CVH.
This study was supported by grants from Fundación SOCHICAR de la Sociedad Chilena de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascular, the American Heart Association and an unrestricted grant by TEVA Pharmaceuticals.
理想心血管健康（CVH）旨在降低心血管（CV）疾病的发病率和死亡率。在智利，女性的心血管疾病死亡率很高。该研究的主要目的是确定智利圣地亚哥女性理想CVH的患病率，以及与理想CVH相关的因素和行为。
对35至70岁的女性进行横断面研究，通过概率、多阶段和地理分层抽样进行选择。该研究包括一项关于人口统计学和心血管危险因素的调查，以及人体测量、血压和生化测量。使用三类来表征美国心脏协会（AHA）理想CVH指数的低（0 - 2）、中（3 - 4）和高（5 - 7）水平。我们按年龄、教育水平和社会经济地位评估了理想CVH的患病率，并确定了不同变量与理想CVH的独立关联。
招募了620名女性，平均年龄51±4岁。理想CVH患病率为14.3%；没有女性呈现理想的健康饮食，只有22.6%的人达到理想体重指数。理想CVH的最佳预测因素是高教育水平（OR = 2.85；1.43至5.92；p < 0.01）、每天饮酒少于两杯（OR = 4.09；1.60至13.77；p < 0.01）以及有无先兆子痫和/或妊娠糖尿病的妊娠史（OR = 1.94；1.07至3.71；p = 0.04）。
本研究表明智利女性理想CVH患病率较低。教育水平是与理想CVH相关的一个重要因素。此外，特定于女性的危险因素，如先兆子痫/妊娠糖尿病史和饮酒，也是与CVH相关的重要因素。
本研究得到了智利心脏病学和心血管外科学会SOCHICAR基金会、美国心脏协会的资助以及梯瓦制药公司的无限制赠款。
