Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden.
Front Public Health. 2023 Jan 26;11:929782. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.929782. eCollection 2023.
Internet interventions are a promising avenue for delivering alcohol prevention to employees. The objective of this scoping review was to map all research on alcohol internet interventions aimed at employees regardless of design, to gain an overview of current evidence and identify potential knowledge gaps.
We conducted a literature search in three data bases (PsycInfo, PubMed, and Web of Science). Eligibility criteria were that (1) the study targeted employees age ≥18 years; (2) the intervention was delivered predominantly online; (3) the study focused specifically or in part on alcohol use; and (4) the study was published in English in a peer-reviewed academic journal. Two reviewers independently screened, reviewed, and extracted data.
Twenty studies were included, of which 10 were randomized controlled trials, five were secondary analyses, three were feasibility trials, one was a cohort study and one described the rationale and development of an intervention. No qualitative studies were found. Randomized trials tended to show effects when interventions were compared to waitlists but not when more intensive interventions were compared to less intensive ones. We identified two design-related aspects where studies differed; (1) whether all applicants were included regardless of alcohol use level and (2) whether the intervention was explicitly framed as alcohol-focused or not. Significant recruitment problems were noted in several studies.
Alcohol internet interventions hold promise in delivering alcohol prevention to employees, but heterogeneity in study design and difficulties in recruitment complicate interpretation of findings.
https://osf.io/25x7e/, Open Science Framework.
互联网干预措施是向员工提供酒精预防的一种很有前途的途径。本研究旨在绘制所有针对员工的酒精互联网干预研究，无论其设计如何，以全面了解现有证据并确定潜在的知识空白。
我们在三个数据库（PsycInfo、PubMed 和 Web of Science）中进行了文献检索。入选标准为：（1）研究对象为年龄≥18 岁的员工；（2）干预主要通过网络进行；（3）研究专门或部分关注酒精使用；（4）研究以英文发表在同行评议的学术期刊上。两名评审员独立筛选、审查和提取数据。
共纳入 20 项研究，其中 10 项为随机对照试验，5 项为二次分析，3 项为可行性试验，1 项为队列研究，1 项描述了干预措施的原理和开发。未发现定性研究。随机试验倾向于显示干预措施与候补名单相比的效果，但与更密集的干预措施与不那么密集的干预措施相比则没有。我们确定了研究之间存在两个设计相关的差异方面：（1）是否所有申请人都被纳入，无论其酒精使用水平如何，以及（2）干预是否明确以酒精为重点。在几项研究中都注意到了严重的招募问题。
酒精互联网干预措施有望向员工提供酒精预防，但研究设计的异质性和招募困难使得对研究结果的解释变得复杂。
