Schmidt L G, Müller-Oerlinghausen B, Schlünder M, Seidel M, Platz W E
Karl-Bonhoeffer-Nervenklinik Berlin, Abteilung für Abhängigkeitserkrankungen, Freien Universität Berlin.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1987 Nov 27;112(48):1849-54. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1068341.
In a prospective study of 282 chronic alcoholics and 67 opiate addicts, frequency and pattern of drug intake were determined by questioning and urinalysis on admission to a special unit of a psychiatric hospital. 20.2% of alcoholics and 44.8% of opiate addicts stated that they had taken psychotropic drugs before admission, women in both groups naming such drugs significantly more frequently than men. But taking into account results of urinalysis, 25.5% of alcoholics and 31.3% of opiate addicts were found to have taken benzodiazepines before hospital admission. 41.8% of opiate addicts either stated or were found to have taken barbiturates. High dosages of benzodiazepines were found in those alcoholics who had mentioned taking them. Thus in practice the treatment of addicts differs markedly from recommendations made by well-known experts. There is also a need to improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment of addicts.
在一项针对282名慢性酒精成瘾者和67名阿片类药物成瘾者的前瞻性研究中，通过对一家精神病医院特殊病房收治的患者进行询问和尿液分析，确定了药物摄入的频率和模式。20.2%的酒精成瘾者和44.8%的阿片类药物成瘾者表示，他们在入院前服用过精神药物，两组中的女性提及此类药物的频率明显高于男性。但考虑到尿液分析结果，发现25.5%的酒精成瘾者和31.3%的阿片类药物成瘾者在入院前服用过苯二氮䓬类药物。41.8%的阿片类药物成瘾者表示或被发现服用过巴比妥类药物。在那些提到服用过苯二氮䓬类药物的酒精成瘾者中发现了高剂量的此类药物。因此，在实际中，成瘾者的治疗与知名专家的建议明显不同。还有必要改进成瘾者的临床诊断和治疗。
