Exercise Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Health and Nutrition, Osaka-Aoyama University, Osaka, Japan.
Exercise Nutrition Laboratory, Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, Osaka, Japan.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2023 Nov;201(11):5272-5277. doi: 10.1007/s12011-023-03594-3. Epub 2023 Feb 14.
In many cases, athletes compensate for nutrient deficiencies due to a reduced dietary intake by taking supplements or other means. However, in what ways nutrients are utilized by the body when it is deficient in energy and yet receives adequate amounts of the required nutrients are unclear. We therefore examined the effect of the balance between available energy and iron intake on the iron nutritional status of athletes. The experiment was conducted in two parts. Four-week-old male rats were divided into two groups based on energy and iron sufficiency: Experiment 1 was energy-sufficient and iron-sufficient (ES-FeS) and energy-sufficient and iron-deficient (ES-FeD). Experiment 2 was energy-deficient and iron-sufficient (ED-FeS) and energy-deficient and iron-deficient (ED-FeD) groups. All rats were made to perform climbing exercises 3 days a week at 5 P.M. The results showed that a significantly higher hematocrit, hemoglobin, plasma iron concentration, and TfS were found in the iron-sufficient group than in the iron-deficient group, TIBC was significantly lower in the iron-sufficient group than in the iron-deficient group, and TfS was significantly higher in the iron-sufficient group than in the iron-deficient group, irrespective of energy intake. It was suggested that restricting both iron and energy intake may significantly decrease the amount of iron in the liver and accelerate the metabolic turnover of red blood cells, while restricting iron intake but providing adequate energy intake suggested that resistance exercise-induced tissue iron repartitioning was not altered by iron sufficiency or deficiency.
在许多情况下，运动员通过服用补品或其他方式来弥补由于饮食摄入减少而导致的营养缺乏。然而，当身体能量不足但却摄入足够量的必需营养素时，身体是如何利用这些营养素的，目前还不清楚。因此，我们研究了可用能量与铁摄入量之间的平衡对运动员铁营养状况的影响。该实验分两部分进行。将 4 周龄雄性大鼠根据能量和铁的充足程度分为两组：实验 1 为能量充足且铁充足（ES-FeS）和能量充足且铁缺乏（ES-FeD）组；实验 2 为能量缺乏且铁充足（ED-FeS）和能量缺乏且铁缺乏（ED-FeD）组。所有大鼠均在每周一、三、五下午 5 点进行 3 天的攀爬运动。结果表明，与铁缺乏组相比，铁充足组的红细胞压积、血红蛋白、血浆铁浓度和转铁蛋白饱和度显著升高，铁结合能力显著降低，转铁蛋白饱和度显著升高，而不论能量摄入如何。这表明限制铁和能量的摄入可能会显著减少肝脏中的铁含量并加速红细胞的代谢周转，而限制铁的摄入但提供足够的能量摄入表明，铁的充足或缺乏不会改变运动引起的组织铁再分配。
