University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, Oklahoma, USA
University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, Oklahoma, USA.
J Cogn Psychother. 2023 Feb 1;37(1):26-42. doi: 10.1891/JCPSY-D-20-00058.
the availability of smartphone-based mindfulness training applications (apps) may circumvent many barriers to receiving in-person help, but little controlled research has been conducted on them. This study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of a widely used -mindfulness training app, Headspace, at reducing anxiety and worry. this study used a randomized-controlled design to examine the app using a 3 (Time; baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks) × 2 (Access; immediate, delayed for 4 weeks) design. Participants who reported moderate to high anxiety or worry were randomly assigned to receive -either -immediate access or delayed access to the app. For null hypothesis significance testing (NHST), analyses of variance were used to test the hypotheses that app access for 4 and 8 weeks would reduce anxiety and worry as compared to waitlist or baseline and that app access for 8 weeks would reduce anxiety and worry as compared to 4 weeks. Bayes estimates were used to -determine the level of evidence for the hypothesis that app access reduces anxiety and worry. four weeks of app access significantly reduced anxiety symptoms, as did 8 weeks, but NHST indicated there were no significant difference between 4 and 8 weeks of access. We failed to reject the null for the analysis of variance on worry, but Bayesian estimates indicated substantial evidence for the hypothesis that the mindfulness training app reduces worry. this research shows that using Headspace can reduce anxiety and worry, but that there does not appear to be a consistent dose relation.
基于智能手机的正念训练应用程序（apps）的可用性可能会规避许多接受面对面帮助的障碍，但对它们的控制研究很少。本研究旨在评估广泛使用的正念训练应用程序 Headspace 降低焦虑和担忧的效果。本研究采用随机对照设计，使用 3（时间；基线、4 周、8 周）×2（访问；即时、延迟 4 周）设计来检查该应用程序。报告有中度至高度焦虑或担忧的参与者被随机分配接受即时访问或延迟访问该应用程序。对于零假设显著性检验（NHST），方差分析用于检验以下假设：与候补名单或基线相比，4 周和 8 周的应用程序访问将降低焦虑和担忧；与 4 周相比，8 周的应用程序访问将降低焦虑和担忧。贝叶斯估计用于确定应用程序访问减轻焦虑和担忧假设的证据水平。4 周的应用程序访问显著降低了焦虑症状，8 周也是如此，但 NHST 表明 4 周和 8 周的访问之间没有显著差异。我们未能拒绝方差分析中关于担忧的零假设，但贝叶斯估计表明，正念训练应用程序减轻担忧的假设具有大量证据。本研究表明，使用 Headspace 可以降低焦虑和担忧，但似乎没有一致的剂量关系。
