School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, 830054, Urumqi, China.
Human resource department, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Tianshan District No. 91 Tianchi Road, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Feb 14;23(1):330. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15222-9.
Frequent heavy air pollution occurred during the winter heating season of northern China. Particulate air pollution is a serious concern in Urumqi during heating season. Exposure to air pollution is known to increase adverse health outcomes, particularly oxidative damage. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of air pollution on oxidative damage around pregnant women and newborns in Urumqi.
This prospective observational study enrolled pregnant women in the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University between January 2019 and October 2019. Pregnant women and newborns were allocated into a heating season group (January - end of April 2019, October 2019) or non-heating season group (June 2019 - end of September) according to the specific delivery time. Venous blood, urine from the women and cord blood from their newborns were collected to measure the levels of PAHs and 8-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a measure of oxidative stress.
A total of 200 pregnant women and newborns were enrolled, with 100 pregnant women and newborns in the heating season group. Compared to the non-heating season group, the total contents of 8-OHdG in maternal urine, PAHs and 8-OHdG in maternal plasma and neonatal cord blood were higher in the heating season group (all P < 0.001). The average values for AQI, PM, PM, SO, NO, and CO were higher in the heating season group (all P < 0.001). Maternal and neonatal PAHs were correlated with 8-OHdG measurements in maternal urine (r = 0.288, P < 0.001 and r = 0.336, P < 0.001) and neonatal umbilical cord blood (r = 0.296, P < 0.001 and r = 0.252, P < 0.001). There was also a positive relationship between PAHs, 8-OHdG levels in pregnant women and their newborns and proximate air pollutant concentrations (all P < 0.05). Based on the results of multiple linear regression analysis, it was found that air pollutants(PM, 0) had a great influence on the level of 8-OHdG in neonatal cord blood, and the contribution rate was high(R = 0.320). Based on the epidemiological questionnaire, a multiple linear regression model was established(R = 0.496). We found that 8-OHdG levels in neonatal umbilical cord blood were mainly affected by two aspects: (1) Biological samples collected during heating had higher levels of 8-OHdG in neonatal umbilical cord blood. (2) Study may suggest that in neonates, males are more sensitive to oxidative damage.
Particulate air pollution may increase PAHs exposure and oxidative DNA damage in pregnant women and newborns.
中国北方冬季供暖季经常出现重度空气污染。乌鲁木齐在供暖季存在严重的颗粒物空气污染问题。已知暴露于空气污染会增加不良健康后果，特别是氧化损伤。本研究旨在评估乌鲁木齐供暖季期间空气污染对孕妇和新生儿周围氧化损伤的影响。
本前瞻性观察性研究纳入了新疆医科大学第五附属医院 2019 年 1 月至 2019 年 10 月期间的孕妇。根据具体分娩时间，孕妇及其新生儿被分配到供暖季组（2019 年 1 月至 4 月底，10 月）或非供暖季组（2019 年 6 月至 9 月底）。采集孕妇静脉血、尿液和新生儿脐带血，以测量多环芳烃（PAHs）和 8-脱氧鸟苷（8-OHdG）水平，这是衡量氧化应激的指标。
共纳入 200 名孕妇及其新生儿，其中供暖季组 100 名孕妇及其新生儿。与非供暖季组相比，供暖季组孕妇尿液中 8-OHdG 总量、孕妇血浆和新生儿脐带血中 PAHs 和 8-OHdG 均较高（均 P<0.001）。供暖季组平均空气质量指数（AQI）、颗粒物（PM）、细颗粒物（PM）、二氧化硫（SO）、二氧化氮（NO）和一氧化碳（CO）浓度较高（均 P<0.001）。孕妇和新生儿的 PAHs 与孕妇尿液中的 8-OHdG 测量值（r=0.288，P<0.001 和 r=0.336，P<0.001）和新生儿脐带血（r=0.296，P<0.001 和 r=0.252，P<0.001）相关。孕妇及其新生儿的 PAHs、8-OHdG 水平与近地面空气污染物浓度之间也呈正相关（均 P<0.05）。基于多元线性回归分析的结果，发现空气污染物（PM）对新生儿脐带血中 8-OHdG 水平的影响较大，贡献率较高（R=0.320）。基于流行病学问卷，建立了多元线性回归模型（R=0.496）。我们发现，新生儿脐带血中 8-OHdG 水平主要受两个方面影响：（1）供暖期采集的生物样本中，新生儿脐带血中的 8-OHdG 水平较高。（2）研究可能表明，在新生儿中，男性对氧化损伤更为敏感。
颗粒物空气污染可能会增加孕妇及其新生儿体内的 PAHs 暴露和 DNA 氧化损伤。
