Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan450001, People's Republic of China.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
Public Health Nutr. 2023 Jun;26(6):1254-1263. doi: 10.1017/S1368980023000319. Epub 2023 Feb 15.
This study aimed to evaluate the recent prevalence and the distributions of morphological subtypes of anaemia in the rural population.
Anaemia was defined according to the WHO and the Chinese criteria, and the morphological subtypes of anaemia were classified based on the erythrocyte parameters. The age-standardised prevalence was calculated according to the data of the Population Census 2010 in China.
A cross-sectional study in Henan Province.
33 585 subjects aged 18-79 years old.
The standardised prevalence of anaemia across the WHO and the Chinese definitions was 13·63 % and 5·45 %, respectively. Regardless of which criteria was used, the standardised prevalence of anaemia was higher among women than among men and that increased with age in men, while markedly decreased after menopause in women. There were shifts in morphological patterns of anaemia using the WHO and the Chinese criteria that the standardised prevalence of microcytic anaemia was 3·74 % and 2·97 %, normocytic anaemia was 9·20 % and 2·34 %, and macrocytic anaemia was 0·75 % and 0·14 %, respectively. Besides, there were differences in the influencing factors of anaemia according to different criteria or gender. However, age, education level and renal damage were consistently significantly associated with anaemia in all participants.
Anaemia may still be a serious health problem in rural China. It is necessary to reformulate prevention and management strategies to reduce the disease burden of anaemia.
本研究旨在评估农村人群贫血的近期患病率和形态学亚型分布。
根据世界卫生组织（WHO）和中国标准定义贫血，根据红细胞参数对贫血的形态学亚型进行分类。根据中国 2010 年人口普查数据计算年龄标准化患病率。
河南省的一项横断面研究。
33585 名年龄在 18-79 岁的受试者。
无论使用 WHO 还是中国的标准，贫血的标准化患病率分别为 13.63%和 5.45%。无论采用哪种标准，女性贫血的标准化患病率均高于男性，且男性随年龄增长而升高，而女性绝经后则明显下降。使用 WHO 和中国标准，贫血的形态模式发生变化，小细胞性贫血的标准化患病率分别为 3.74%和 2.97%，正细胞性贫血分别为 9.20%和 2.34%，大细胞性贫血分别为 0.75%和 0.14%。此外，根据不同标准或性别，贫血的影响因素也存在差异。然而，年龄、受教育程度和肾脏损害始终与所有参与者的贫血显著相关。
贫血在中国农村可能仍是一个严重的健康问题。有必要制定改革预防和管理策略，以减轻贫血的疾病负担。
