Health Promotion Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul, Korea.
MEDIcheck LAB, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Cheongju, Korea.
Int J Lab Hematol. 2020 Apr;42(2):223-229. doi: 10.1111/ijlh.13160. Epub 2020 Feb 12.
The distribution of hemoglobin (Hb) levels and the prevalence of anemia are significant public health indicators. The aims of this study were to determine the distribution of Hb levels and the prevalence of anemia according to sex, age group, and region throughout Korea.
The study analyzed data on 1 159 298 subjects who received health checkups at 16 health-promotion centers in 13 Korean cities during 2018. Anemia and its severity were defined according to the World Health Organization classification for Hb levels as follows: mild anemia (11-12.9 g/dL in males and 11-11.9 g/dL in females), moderate anemia (10-10.9 g/dL in both sexes), and severe anemia (<10.0 g/dL in both sexes).
The Hb level in the general sample was lower in females (13.25 ± 1.13 g/dL, mean ± SD) than in males (15.29 ± 1.22 g/dL). The overall prevalence of anemia was 6.0% (2.98% in males and 8.56% in females), and the prevalence of severe anemia was 0.92% (0.23% in males and 1.51% in females). While the prevalence of anemia increased monotonically with age in males, it was bimodal in females with two peaks at 40-49 years and ≥80 years. The highest prevalence of anemia in females aged 40-49 years was attributed to microcytic anemia, while increases in anemia prevalence in males aged ≥50 years and females aged ≥70 years were attributed to macrocytic anemia.
The distribution of Hb levels and the prevalence of anemia overall and by severity differ according to sex, age group, and region throughout Korea.
血红蛋白（Hb）水平的分布和贫血的患病率是重要的公共卫生指标。本研究旨在根据性别、年龄组和地区确定韩国 Hb 水平的分布和贫血的患病率。
该研究分析了 2018 年在韩国 13 个城市的 16 个健康促进中心接受健康检查的 1159298 名受试者的数据。根据世界卫生组织 Hb 水平分类，贫血及其严重程度定义如下：轻度贫血（男性 11-12.9g/dL，女性 11-11.9g/dL）、中度贫血（男性和女性均为 10-10.9g/dL）和重度贫血（男性和女性均 <10.0g/dL）。
一般样本中女性的 Hb 水平（13.25±1.13g/dL，平均值±标准差）低于男性（15.29±1.22g/dL）。贫血的总患病率为 6.0%（男性为 2.98%，女性为 8.56%），严重贫血的患病率为 0.92%（男性为 0.23%，女性为 1.51%）。虽然男性贫血患病率随年龄单调增加，但女性呈双峰模式，两个高峰分别在 40-49 岁和≥80 岁。女性 40-49 岁贫血患病率最高归因于小细胞性贫血，而≥50 岁男性和≥70 岁女性贫血患病率增加归因于巨细胞性贫血。
Hb 水平的分布以及总体和严重程度的贫血患病率因性别、年龄组和地区而异。
