Departamento de Medicina Preventiva e Social, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Campos Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Public Health. 2023 Mar;216:33-38. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.01.005. Epub 2023 Feb 13.
This study aimed to estimate five harmonized healthy aging indicators covering functional ability and intrinsic capacity among older women and men from Brazil and England and evaluate their association with loneliness.
This was a cross-sectional study.
We used two nationally representative samples of men and women aged ≥60 years from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil) wave 2 (2019-2021; n = 6929) and the English Longitudinal Study of Aging wave 9 (2018-2019; n = 5902). Healthy aging included five separate indicators (getting dressed, taking medication, managing money, cognitive function, and handgrip strength). Loneliness was measured by the 3-item University of California Loneliness Scale. Logistic regression models stratified by sex and country were performed.
Overall, age-adjusted healthy aging indicators were worse in Brazil compared with England for both men and women. Considering functional ability, loneliness was negatively associated with all indicators (ranging from odds ratio [OR] = 0.26, [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.13-0.52] in English men regarding the ability to take medication to OR = 0.49 [95% CI 0.27-0.89] in Brazilian women regarding the ability to manage money). Considering intrinsic capacity, loneliness was negatively associated with a higher cognitive function (OR = 0.72; 95% CI 0.55-0.95 in English women) and a higher handgrip strength (OR = 0.61; 95% CI 0.45-0.83 in Brazilian women). Lonely women demonstrated lower odds of a higher number of healthy aging indicators than men in both countries.
Country-specific social environments should be targeted by public policies to decrease loneliness and promote healthy aging later in life.
本研究旨在评估涵盖巴西和英国老年男女功能能力和内在能力的 5 项协调健康老龄化指标，并评估它们与孤独感的关系。
这是一项横断面研究。
我们使用了巴西老龄化纵向研究（ELSI-Brazil）第 2 波（2019-2021 年；n=6929）和英国老龄化纵向研究第 9 波（2018-2019 年；n=5902）中两个全国代表性的 60 岁及以上男女样本。健康老龄化包括五个单独的指标（穿衣、服药、理财、认知功能和握力）。孤独感通过加利福尼亚大学孤独感量表的 3 项来衡量。对性别和国家进行了分层的逻辑回归模型。
总体而言，与英国相比，巴西男性和女性的年龄调整后健康老龄化指标更差。就功能能力而言，孤独感与所有指标呈负相关（从英国男性服药能力的比值比[OR]为 0.26（95%置信区间[CI]为 0.13-0.52）到巴西女性理财能力的 OR 为 0.49（95%CI 为 0.27-0.89））。就内在能力而言，孤独感与较高的认知功能呈负相关（英国女性的 OR 为 0.72（95%CI 为 0.55-0.95））和较高的握力呈负相关（巴西女性的 OR 为 0.61（95%CI 为 0.45-0.83））。在两国中，孤独的女性比男性拥有更高数量健康老龄化指标的可能性更小。
应通过公共政策针对特定国家的社会环境来减少孤独感，促进晚年健康老龄化。
