Schulz K F, Cates W, O'Mara P R
Centers for Disease Control, Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
Genitourin Med. 1987 Oct;63(5):320-5. doi: 10.1136/sti.63.5.320.
Africa in the 1980s appears to be facing problems associated with syphilis and gonorrhoea during pregnancy similar in severity and magnitude to those faced by the western world in the early 1900s. From a review of published reports, the prevalence of syphilis seroreactivity in pregnant women in many parts of Africa is at least 10%. Assuming this level of seroreactivity, we estimate that 5% to 8% of all pregnancies surviving past 12 weeks will have an adverse outcome caused by syphilis, such as spontaneous abortion, perinatal or infant death, or a living infant with syphilis. Our findings on gonorrhoea during pregnancy are almost as startling. The prevalence of gonorrhoea in pregnant women in many parts of Africa is at least 10% and it approaches 20% in some areas. The incidence of gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum in neonates appears to be between 2% and 4%. We recommend commitment of health resources to initiatives to prevent and control sexually transmitted disease in Africa and additional research into the cost effectiveness of different prevention and control approaches.
20世纪80年代的非洲似乎面临着与孕期梅毒和淋病相关的问题，其严重程度和规模与20世纪初西方世界所面临的问题相似。从已发表报告的综述来看，非洲许多地区孕妇梅毒血清反应阳性率至少为10%。假设血清反应阳性率处于这一水平，我们估计所有妊娠至12周后存活的孕妇中有5%至8%会因梅毒出现不良结局，如自然流产、围产期或婴儿死亡，或产下患有梅毒的活婴。我们关于孕期淋病的研究结果几乎同样惊人。非洲许多地区孕妇淋病患病率至少为10%，在某些地区接近20%。新生儿淋菌性眼炎的发病率似乎在2%至4%之间。我们建议投入卫生资源开展非洲预防和控制性传播疾病的行动，并对不同预防和控制方法的成本效益进行更多研究。
