School of Educational Foundations, Leadership and Aviation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA.
Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia.
J Adolesc. 2023 Jun;95(4):811-823. doi: 10.1002/jad.12155. Epub 2023 Feb 15.
Phone use during face-to-face interactions (i.e., digital social multitasking [DSMT]) is a growing activity among adolescents. DSMT appears to be a risk factor for problematic phone use, but little is known about why adolescents engage in DSMT and how different motives of DSMT would be associated with problematic phone use. Drawing on the framework of DSMT and the uses and gratifications theory, this study explored (1) the motives of adolescent DSMT and (2) the direct and indirect relationships between DSMT motives and problematic phone use via the level and perception of DSMT.
The study involved survey data from 517 adolescents in the United States recruited through the Qualtrics panels (M = 14.83, SD = 1.93) in the fall of 2020. The sample's gender and racial/ethnic distributions were nationally representative.
We developed a scale measuring adolescent DSMT motives, which showed that adolescents engaged in DSMT because of enjoyment and connection, boredom, information, and habitual use. The motive of habitual use was associated with problematic phone use both directly and indirectly via level of DSMT and perceived distraction caused by DSMT. The information motive was directly associated with problematic phone use, while the boredom motive was indirectly associated with problematic phone use via perceived distraction. Conversely, the motive of enjoyment and connection was related to lower problematic phone use both directly and indirectly via lower perceived distraction.
The study identifies DSMT-related risk and protective factors for problematic phone use. The findings should help adults recognize adaptive versus maladaptive forms of DSMT among adolescents and develop proper guidance and intervention.
在面对面交流期间使用手机（即数字社交多任务处理[DSMT]）是青少年中日益增长的活动。DSMT 似乎是手机使用问题的一个风险因素，但人们对青少年为何从事 DSMT 以及 DSMT 的不同动机如何与手机使用问题相关知之甚少。本研究借鉴 DSMT 框架和使用与满足理论，探讨了（1）青少年 DSMT 的动机，以及（2）通过 DSMT 的水平和感知，DSMT 动机与手机使用问题之间的直接和间接关系。
该研究涉及通过 Qualtrics 小组在美国招募的 517 名青少年的调查数据（M = 14.83，SD = 1.93），于 2020 年秋季进行。样本的性别和种族/族裔分布具有全国代表性。
我们开发了一种衡量青少年 DSMT 动机的量表，表明青少年从事 DSMT 是因为享受和联系、无聊、信息和习惯性使用。习惯性使用的动机与 DSMT 的水平和感知到的 DSMT 造成的干扰直接和间接相关，与手机使用问题有关。信息动机与手机使用问题直接相关，而无聊动机则通过感知到的干扰与手机使用问题间接相关。相反，享受和联系的动机与较低的手机使用问题直接和间接相关，这是通过较低的感知干扰来实现的。
该研究确定了与手机使用问题相关的 DSMT 风险和保护因素。研究结果应有助于成年人识别青少年中适应性和非适应性的 DSMT 形式，并制定适当的指导和干预措施。
