Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
Theranostics. 2023 Jan 16;13(3):931-954. doi: 10.7150/thno.78639. eCollection 2023.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease characterized by loss of articular cartilage and chronic inflammation, involving multiple cellular dysfunctions and tissue lesions. The non-vascular environment and dense cartilage matrix in the joints tend to block drug penetration, resulting in low drug bioavailability. There is a desire to develop safer and more effective OA therapies to meet the challenges of an aging world population in the future. Biomaterials have achieved satisfactory results in improving drug targeting, prolonging the duration of action, and achieving precision therapy. This article reviews the current basic understanding of the pathological mechanisms and clinical treatment dilemmas of OA, summarizes and discusses the advances for different kinds of targeted and responsive biomaterials in OA, seeking to provide new perspectives for the treatment of OA. Subsequently, limitations and challenges in clinical translation and biosafety are analyzed to guide the development of future therapeutic strategies for OA. As the need for precision medicine rises over time, emerging multifunctional biomaterials based on tissue targeting and controlled release will become an irreplaceable part of OA management.
骨关节炎（OA）是一种退行性疾病，其特征是关节软骨丧失和慢性炎症，涉及多种细胞功能障碍和组织损伤。关节的非血管环境和致密软骨基质往往会阻碍药物渗透，导致药物生物利用度低。未来，为了应对老龄化世界人口的挑战，人们渴望开发更安全、更有效的 OA 治疗方法。生物材料在改善药物靶向性、延长作用持续时间和实现精准治疗方面已取得满意的效果。本文综述了 OA 的病理机制和临床治疗困境的现有基础认识，总结和讨论了不同种类的靶向和响应型生物材料在 OA 中的研究进展，以期为 OA 的治疗提供新的视角。随后，分析了临床转化和生物安全性方面的局限性和挑战，以指导 OA 治疗策略的未来发展。随着精准医学需求的不断增加，基于组织靶向和控制释放的新兴多功能生物材料将成为 OA 管理中不可或缺的一部分。
