College of Information Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2023 Jan;34(1):160-168. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202301.023.
To evaluate the effects of changes in radiation, accumulative temperature, precipitation and climate resources on climate resource utilization efficiency in the agro-pastoral transitional zone of Gansu Province, we analyzed the variations of climate potential yield loss rate, light, heat, precipitation and comprehensive utilization efficiency of climate resources in the agro-pastoral transitional zone of Gansu Province by the step-by-step correction and indexation method, with the 1971-2020 weather data from 45 meteorological sites and the maize phenology data. The results showed that solar radiation showed fluctuating downward trend at a rate of -22.03 MJ·m·(10 a), the accumulative ≥11 ℃ temperature showed significant upward trend at a rate of 60.89 ℃·(10 a), the precipitation showed slow upward trend at a rate of 2.05 mm·(10 a) during the study period. The climate potential yield loss rate due to temperature and precipitation limitations was relatively high in Gannan and the northern part of Longzhong, while it was relatively low in the most areas of Longdong. Except for the central part of the study area and part of Longdong, the climate potential yield loss rate due to temperature and precipitation limitations in other regions of the study area showed decreased trend at the rate of -2.0%·(10 a) and -0.6%·(10 a). The low-value areas of light and heat utilization efficiency distributed in the northern and southern parts of Longzhong and part of Gannan, the low-value area of precipitation utilization efficiency distributed in Gannan, and the low value of comprehensive utilization efficiency distributed in Lanzhou and Baiyin which were 0.41 and 0.47, respectively. Longdong was the most suitable for maize planting, where the climate resources utilization efficiency of maize was highest, followed by Gannan and Longzhong. The average tendency rate of light, heat, precipitation and climate resources comprehensive utilization efficiency in the study area showed increased trend, which were 0.1%·(10 a), 0.07 kg·hm·℃·d·(10 a), 1.17 kg·hm·mm·(10 a) and 0.05 ·(10 a), respectively, showing a good potential to increase maize yield.
为了评估辐射、积温、降水和气候资源变化对甘肃省农牧交错带气候资源利用效率的影响，我们利用逐步校正和指数化方法，利用 1971-2020 年 45 个气象站的天气数据和玉米物候数据，分析了甘肃省农牧交错带气候潜在产量损失率、光、热、降水和气候资源综合利用效率的变化。结果表明，太阳辐射呈波动下降趋势，下降率为-22.03 MJ·m·(10 a)，11℃以上积温呈显著上升趋势，上升率为 60.89℃·(10 a)，降水呈缓慢上升趋势，上升率为 2.05 mm·(10 a)。在研究期间，由于温度和降水限制导致的气候潜在产量损失率在甘南和陇中北部较高，而在陇东大部分地区较低。除研究区中部和陇东部分地区外，研究区其他地区由于温度和降水限制导致的气候潜在产量损失率呈下降趋势，下降率分别为-2.0%·(10 a)和-0.6%·(10 a)。光照和热利用效率低值区分布在陇中和甘南北部及部分地区，降水利用效率低值区分布在甘南，综合利用效率低值区分布在兰州和白银，分别为 0.41 和 0.47。陇东是最适合玉米种植的地区，玉米气候资源利用效率最高，其次是甘南和陇中。研究区光照、热、降水和气候资源综合利用效率的平均趋势率呈上升趋势，分别为 0.1%·(10 a)、0.07 kg·hm·℃·d·(10 a)、1.17 kg·hm·mm·(10 a)和 0.05 ·(10 a)，这表明提高玉米产量有很好的潜力。
