Institute of Fluid Mechanics and Aerodynamics, Universität der Bundeswehr München, 85577 Neubiberg, Germany.
Institute of Sport Science, Universität der Bundeswehr München, 85577 Neubiberg, Germany.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 Feb 28;120(9):e2220882120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2220882120. Epub 2023 Feb 21.
Pathogens such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza, and rhinoviruses are transmitted by airborne aerosol respiratory particles that are exhaled by infectious subjects. We have previously reported that the emission of aerosol particles increases on average 132-fold from rest to maximal endurance exercise. The aims of this study are to first measure aerosol particle emission during an isokinetic resistance exercise at 80% of the maximal voluntary contraction until exhaustion, second to compare aerosol particle emission during a typical spinning class session versus a three-set resistance training session. Finally, we then used this data to calculate the risk of infection during endurance and resistance exercise sessions with different mitigation strategies. During a set of isokinetic resistance exercise, aerosol particle emission increased 10-fold from 5,400 ± 1,200 particles/min at rest to 59,000 ± 69,900 particles/min during a set of resistance exercise. We found that aerosol particle emission per minute is on average 4.9-times lower during a resistance training session than during a spinning class. Using this data, we determined that the simulated infection risk increase during an endurance exercise session was sixfold higher than during a resistance exercise session when assuming one infected participant in the class. Collectively, this data helps to select mitigation measures for indoor resistance and endurance exercise classes at times where the risk of aerosol-transmitted infectious disease with severe outcomes is high.
病原体，如严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 型（SARS-CoV-2）、流感和鼻病毒，通过传染性宿主呼出的空气传播气溶胶呼吸颗粒传播。我们之前报告过，从休息到最大耐力运动，气溶胶颗粒的排放平均增加 132 倍。本研究的目的首先是测量在 80%最大自主收缩力的等速抗阻运动至力竭过程中的气溶胶颗粒排放，其次是比较典型的动感单车课与三组抗阻训练课之间的气溶胶颗粒排放。最后，我们使用这些数据来计算在不同缓解策略下进行耐力和抗阻运动时的感染风险。在一组等速抗阻运动中，气溶胶颗粒排放从休息时的 5400±1200 个/分钟增加到一组抗阻运动时的 59000±69900 个/分钟，增加了 10 倍。我们发现，抗阻训练课中的气溶胶颗粒排放每分钟平均比动感单车课低 4.9 倍。利用这些数据，我们确定在假设一个感染者在课堂上的情况下，耐力运动课的模拟感染风险增加是抗阻运动课的六倍。总的来说，这些数据有助于在严重气溶胶传播传染病风险高的情况下，选择室内抗阻和耐力运动课的缓解措施。
