Departement of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences Universitas Esa Unggul, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
BMC Complement Med Ther. 2023 Feb 20;23(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s12906-023-03889-x.
Mahkota Dewa [Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl.] fruit in vitro and in- vivo can decrease and prevent elevation of the blood pressure, lower plasma glucose levels, possess an antioxidant effect, and recover liver and kidney damage in rats. This study aimed to determine the structure and inhibitory activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) from the Mahkota Dewa fruit.
The fruit powder was macerated using methanol and then partitioned by hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water. The fractions were chromatographed on the column chromatography and incorporated with TLC and recrystallization to give pure compounds. The structures of isolated compounds were determined by UV-Visible, FT-IR, MS, proton (H-NMR), carbon (C-NMR), and 2D-NMR techniques encompassing HMQC and HMBC spectra. The compounds were evaluated for their ACE inhibitory activity, and the strongest compound was determined by the kinetics enzyme inhibition.
Based on the spectral data, the isolated compounds were determined as 6,4-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 4,4'-dihydroxy-6-methoxybenzophenone-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2) and mangiferin (3). IC values of the isolated compounds 1, 2 and 3 were 0.055, 0.07, and 0.025 mM, respectively.
The three compounds have ACE inhibitor and mangiferin demonstrated the best ACE inhibitory activity with competitive inhibition on ACE with the type of inhibition kinetics is competitive inhibition.
益智果实（Phaleria macrocarpa（Scheff）Boerl.）无论是在体外还是体内都能够降低和预防血压升高、降低血浆葡萄糖水平、具有抗氧化作用，并能恢复大鼠的肝肾功能损伤。本研究旨在确定益智果实中血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂（ACE）的结构和抑制活性。
将果实粉末用甲醇浸泡，然后用正己烷、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水进行分配。各馏分通过柱色谱法和 TLC 以及重结晶进行色谱分离，得到纯化合物。通过紫外可见光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、质谱、质子（H-NMR）、碳（C-NMR）和二维 NMR 技术（包括 HMQC 和 HMBC 光谱）确定分离化合物的结构。评估了化合物的 ACE 抑制活性，通过动力学酶抑制实验确定最强的化合物。
根据光谱数据，分离得到的化合物被确定为 6,4-二羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮-2-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（1）、4,4'-二羟基-6-甲氧基二苯甲酮-2-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（2）和芒果苷（3）。化合物 1、2 和 3 的 IC 值分别为 0.055、0.07 和 0.025 mM。
这三种化合物均具有 ACE 抑制剂活性，其中芒果苷表现出最强的 ACE 抑制活性，其抑制类型为竞争性抑制。
