Fudaba Hirotaka, Wakimoto Hiroaki
Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Neurosurgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan.
Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2023 Mar;23(3):269-282. doi: 10.1080/14712598.2023.2184256. Epub 2023 Mar 2.
To overcome the challenge of treating malignant brain tumors, oncolytic viruses (OVs) represent an innovative therapeutic approach, featuring unique mechanisms of action. The recent conditional approval of the oncolytic herpes simplex virus G47Δ as a therapeutic for malignant brain tumors marked a significant milestone in the long history of OV development in neuro-oncology.
This review summarizes the results of recently completed and active clinical studies that investigate the safety and efficacy of different OV types in patients with malignant gliomas. The changing landscape of the OV trial design includes expansion of subjects to newly diagnosed tumors and pediatric populations. A variety of delivery methods and new routes of administration are vigorously tested to optimize tumor infection and overall efficacy. New therapeutic strategies such as combination with immunotherapies are proposed that take advantage of the characteristics of OV therapy as an immunotherapy. Preclinical studies of OV have been active and aim to translate new OV strategies to the clinic.
For the next decade, clinical trials and preclinical and translational research will continue to drive the development of innovative OV treatments for malignant gliomas and benefit patients and define new OV biomarkers.
为克服治疗恶性脑肿瘤的挑战，溶瘤病毒（OVs）代表了一种创新的治疗方法，具有独特的作用机制。溶瘤单纯疱疹病毒G47Δ最近获得有条件批准用于治疗恶性脑肿瘤，这在神经肿瘤学中溶瘤病毒漫长的发展历史上标志着一个重要的里程碑。
本综述总结了最近完成的以及正在进行的临床研究结果，这些研究调查了不同类型溶瘤病毒在恶性胶质瘤患者中的安全性和有效性。溶瘤病毒试验设计不断变化的格局包括将研究对象扩展到新诊断的肿瘤患者和儿科人群。人们正在大力测试各种递送方法和新的给药途径，以优化肿瘤感染和总体疗效。还提出了诸如与免疫疗法联合等新的治疗策略，这些策略利用了溶瘤病毒疗法作为一种免疫疗法的特点。溶瘤病毒的临床前研究一直很活跃，旨在将新的溶瘤病毒策略转化到临床应用中。
在未来十年，临床试验以及临床前和转化研究将继续推动针对恶性胶质瘤的创新溶瘤病毒治疗方法的发展，使患者受益并确定新的溶瘤病毒生物标志物。
