Kwan Jan C, Dondani Jay, Iyer Janaki, Muaddi Hasan A, Nguyen Thomas T, Tran Simon D
McGill Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia.
Biomimetics (Basel). 2023 Feb 12;8(1):78. doi: 10.3390/biomimetics8010078.
Innovation in the healthcare profession to solve complex human problems has always been emulated and based on solutions proven by nature. The conception of different biomimetic materials has allowed for extensive research that spans several fields, including biomechanics, material sciences, and microbiology. Due to the atypical characteristics of these biomaterials, dentistry can benefit from these applications in tissue engineering, regeneration, and replacement. This review highlights an overview of the application of different biomimetic biomaterials in dentistry and discusses the key biomaterials (hydroxyapatite, collagen, polymers) and biomimetic approaches (3D scaffolds, guided bone and tissue regeneration, bioadhesive gels) that have been researched to treat periodontal and peri-implant diseases in both natural dentition and dental implants. Following this, we focus on the recent novel application of mussel adhesive proteins (MAPs) and their appealing adhesive properties, in addition to their key chemical and structural properties that relate to the engineering, regeneration, and replacement of important anatomical structures in the periodontium, such as the periodontal ligament (PDL). We also outline the potential challenges in employing MAPs as a biomimetic biomaterial in dentistry based on the current evidence in the literature. This provides insight into the possible increased functional longevity of natural dentition that can be translated to implant dentistry in the near future. These strategies, paired with 3D printing and its clinical application in natural dentition and implant dentistry, develop the potential of a biomimetic approach to overcoming clinical problems in dentistry.
医疗行业中为解决复杂人类问题而进行的创新一直以来都在效仿并基于自然验证的解决方案。不同仿生材料的概念推动了涵盖生物力学、材料科学和微生物学等多个领域的广泛研究。由于这些生物材料的非典型特性，牙科可以从其在组织工程、再生和替换方面的应用中受益。本综述重点介绍了不同仿生生物材料在牙科中的应用概况，并讨论了已被研究用于治疗天然牙列和牙种植体中牙周及种植体周围疾病的关键生物材料（羟基磷灰石、胶原蛋白、聚合物）和仿生方法（三维支架、引导骨组织再生和引导组织再生、生物粘附凝胶）。在此之后，我们重点关注贻贝粘附蛋白（MAPs）的最新新颖应用及其吸引人的粘附特性，以及它们与牙周组织中重要解剖结构（如牙周韧带（PDL））的工程、再生和替换相关的关键化学和结构特性。我们还根据文献中的现有证据概述了在牙科中将MAPs用作仿生生物材料时可能面临的挑战。这为天然牙列可能延长的功能寿命提供了见解，有望在不久的将来应用于种植牙科。这些策略与三维打印及其在天然牙列和种植牙科中的临床应用相结合，开发了仿生方法克服牙科临床问题的潜力。
