Metabolic Engineering of for l-Malic Acid Production.

l-Malic acid has various applications in the chemical and food industries. The filamentous fungus is known to be an efficient enzyme producer. Here, through metabolic engineering, was constructed for the first time as an excellent cell factory for l-malic acid production. The heterologous overexpression of genes encoding the C4-dicarboxylate transporter from and initiated l-malic acid production. The overexpression of pyruvate carboxylase from in the reductive tricarboxylic acid pathway further increased both the titer and yield of l-malic acid, resulting in the highest titer reported in a shake-flask culture. Furthermore, the deletion of malate thiokinase blocked l-malic acid degradation. Finally, the engineered strain produced 220.5 g/L of l-malic acid in a 5 L fed-batch culture (productivity of 1.15 g/L/h). A cell factory was created for the efficient production of l-malic acid.