Akhlaq Maida, Mushtaq Umair, Naz Sadia, Uroos Maliha
Centre for Research in Ionic Liquids, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab Lahore-54590 Pakistan
RSC Adv. 2023 Feb 15;13(9):5723-5743. doi: 10.1039/d2ra08244f. eCollection 2023 Feb 14.
In electrochemistry, bio-based materials are preferred over the traditional costly and synthetic polymers due to their abundance, versatility, sustainability and low cost. One of the bio-based polymers is carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) which has become an overarching material in electrochemical devices pertaining to its amphiphilic nature with multi-carbon functional groups. Owing to its flexible framework with fascinating groups on its surface like hydroxide (-OH) and carboxylate (-COO), CMC is able to be modified into conducting materials by blending it with other biopolymers, synthetic polymers, salts, acids and others. This blending has improved the profile of CMC by exploiting the ability of hydrogen bonding, swelling, adhesiveness and dispersion of charges and ions. These properties of CMC have made it possible to utilize this bio-sourced polymer in several applications as a conducting electrolyte, binder in electrodes, detector, sensor and active material in fuel cells, actuators and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG). Thus, CMC based materials are cheap, environment friendly, hydrophilic, biodegradable, non-toxic and biocompatible which render it a desirable material in energy storage devices.
在电化学领域，由于生物基材料储量丰富、用途广泛、可持续且成本低廉，因此比传统的昂贵合成聚合物更受青睐。羧甲基纤维素（CMC）是一种生物基聚合物，因其具有带有多碳官能团的两亲性，已成为电化学装置中的一种重要材料。由于其具有灵活的骨架结构，表面带有诸如羟基（-OH）和羧酸盐（-COO）等引人关注的基团，CMC能够通过与其他生物聚合物、合成聚合物、盐、酸等混合而被改性为导电材料。这种混合通过利用氢键、溶胀、粘附以及电荷和离子分散的能力改善了CMC的性能。CMC的这些特性使其能够作为导电电解质、电极中的粘合剂、探测器、传感器以及燃料电池、致动器和摩擦纳米发电机（TENG）中的活性材料，应用于多个领域。因此，基于CMC的材料价格低廉、环境友好、亲水性强、可生物降解、无毒且具有生物相容性，这使其成为储能装置中理想的材料。
