Sola Pamela Perina Braz, Souza Carolina de, Rodrigues Elaine Campos Guijarro, Santos Manoel Antônio Dos, Oliveira-Cardoso Érika Arantes de
Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2023 Feb 20;39(2):e00058022. doi: 10.1590/0102-311XEN058022. eCollection 2023.
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a public health crisis, with increases in the number of deaths. As a result, the number of bereaved people has increased significantly. In addition, the measures adopted to control the spread of virus have triggered changes in the subjective and collective bereavement experiences. This systematic literature review aims to summarize and reinterpret the results of qualitative studies on the experience of losing family members during the pandemic by a thematic synthesis. The searches were performed in the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and LILACS databases. Among 602 articles identified, 14 were included. Evidence was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. Two descriptive themes related to the objective were elaborated in addition to one analytical theme, namely: "Pandemic grief: lonely and unresolved". These themes proved to be interrelated and indicate that experiences of loss in this context were negatively impacted by the imperatives of physical distance, restriction of hospital visits, technology-mediated communication, and prohibition or restriction of funerals. These changes resulted in experiences marked by feelings of loneliness and helplessness, which should be considered when planning intervention strategies that favor communication between family members with the afflicted loved one and with the health care team, enabling welcoming and creating alternatives for farewell rituals. The findings may support further research to test intervention protocols, especially to guide public policies and promote psychological support to bereaved family members after their loss.
新冠疫情引发了一场公共卫生危机，导致死亡人数增加。因此，失去亲人的人数大幅上升。此外，为控制病毒传播而采取的措施引发了主观和集体丧亲经历的变化。本系统文献综述旨在通过主题综合法总结和重新解读关于疫情期间失去家庭成员经历的定性研究结果。检索在科学网、Scopus、PubMed/MEDLINE、CINAHL、PsycINFO和LILACS数据库中进行。在识别出的602篇文章中，纳入了14篇。使用批判性评估技能计划工具对证据进行评估。除了一个分析主题“大流行悲伤：孤独且未解决”之外，还阐述了两个与客观情况相关的描述性主题。这些主题被证明是相互关联的，表明在这种情况下的丧亲经历受到身体距离要求、医院探视限制、技术介导的沟通以及葬礼禁止或限制的负面影响。这些变化导致了以孤独和无助感为特征的经历，在规划有利于家庭成员与患病亲人以及与医疗团队之间沟通的干预策略时应予以考虑，从而为告别仪式创造接纳和替代方式。这些发现可能支持进一步的研究以测试干预方案，特别是指导公共政策并促进对丧亲家庭成员在失去亲人后的心理支持。
