鱼油补充对抗阻训练引起的适应性的影响。
The effect of fish oil supplementation on resistance training-induced adaptations.
机构信息
Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA.
Nutrition Services Division, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA.
出版信息
J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2023 Dec;20(1):2174704. doi: 10.1080/15502783.2023.2174704.
BACKGROUND
Resistance exercise training (RET) is a common and well-established method to induce hypertrophy and improvement in strength. Interestingly, fish oil supplementation (FOS) may augment RET-induced adaptations. However, few studies have been conducted on young, healthy adults.
METHODS
A randomized, placebo-controlled design was used to determine the effect of FOS, a concentrated source of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), compared to placebo (PL) on RET-induced adaptations following a 10-week RET program (3 days·week). Body composition was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (LBM, fat mass [FM], percent body fat [%BF]) and strength was measured by 1-repetition maximum barbell back squat (1RM) and bench press (1RM) at PRE (week 0) and POST (10 weeks). Supplement compliance was assessed via self-report and bottle collection every two weeks and via fatty acid dried blood spot collection at PRE and POST. An α-level of 0.05 was used to determine statistical significance and Cohen's was used to quantify effect sizes (ES).
RESULTS
Twenty-one of 28 male and female participants (FOS, = 10 [4 withdrawals]; PL, = 11 [3 withdrawals]) completed the 10-week progressive RET program and PRE/POST measurements. After 10-weeks, blood EPA+DHA substantially increased in the FOS group (+109.7%, < .001) and did not change in the PL group (+1.3%, = .938). Similar between-group changes in LBM (FOS: +3.4%, PL: +2.4%, = .457), FM (FOS: -5.2%, PL: 0.0%, = .092), and %BF (FOS: -5.9%, PL: -2.5%, = .136) were observed, although, the between-group ES was considered large for FM ( = 0.84). Absolute and relative (kg·kg [body mass]) 1RM was significantly higher in the FOS group compared to PL (FOS: +17.7% vs. PL: +9.7%, = .047; FOS: +17.6% vs. PL: +7.3%, = .011; respectively), whereas absolute 1RM was similar between conditions (FOS: +28.8% vs. PL: +20.5%, = .191). Relative 1RM was higher in the FOS group (FOS: +29.3% vs. PL: +17.9%, = .045).
CONCLUSIONS
When combined with RET, FOS improves absolute and relative 1RM upper-body and relative 1RM lower-body strength to a greater extent than that observed in the PL group of young, recreationally trained adults.
背景
抗阻运动训练（RET）是一种常见且成熟的方法，可以引起肥大和力量的提高。有趣的是，鱼油补充剂（FOS）可能会增强 RET 引起的适应性。然而，很少有研究针对年轻健康的成年人进行。
方法
采用随机、安慰剂对照设计，比较 FOS（一种浓缩的二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）来源）与安慰剂（PL）对 10 周 RET 方案（每周 3 天）后 RET 引起的适应性的影响。通过双能 X 射线吸收法（LBM、脂肪量[FM]、体脂百分比[%BF]）测量身体成分，通过 1 次重复最大杠铃深蹲（1RM）和卧推（1RM）在 PRE（第 0 周）和 POST（第 10 周）测量力量。通过自我报告和每两周收集一次瓶子以及在 PRE 和 POST 时收集脂肪酸干血斑来评估补充剂的依从性。使用 0.05 的 α 水平确定统计学意义，并用 Cohen's 来量化效应大小（ES）。
结果
28 名男性和女性参与者中的 21 名（FOS， = 10 [4 名退出]；PL， = 11 [3 名退出]）完成了 10 周的渐进式 RET 计划和 PRE/POST 测量。10 周后，FOS 组的血液 EPA+DHA 显著增加（+109.7%，<0.001），PL 组没有变化（+1.3%， = 0.938）。观察到 LBM（FOS：+3.4%，PL：+2.4%， = 0.457）、FM（FOS：-5.2%，PL：0.0%， = 0.092）和 %BF（FOS：-5.9%，PL：-2.5%， = 0.136）的组间相似变化，尽管 FM 的组间 ES 被认为较大（ = 0.84）。与 PL 相比，FOS 组的绝对和相对（kg·kg [体重]）1RM 明显更高（FOS：+17.7% vs. PL：+9.7%， = 0.047；FOS：+17.6% vs. PL：+7.3%， = 0.011；分别），而条件之间的绝对 1RM 相似（FOS：+28.8% vs. PL：+20.5%， = 0.191）。FOS 组的相对 1RM 更高（FOS：+29.3% vs. PL：+17.9%， = 0.045）。
结论
当与 RET 结合使用时，FOS 可提高绝对和相对 1RM 上半身和相对 1RM 下半身力量，效果明显优于 PL 组中年轻的、有规律锻炼的成年人。
Zotero 插件