Tomczyk Maja
Department of Biochemistry, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland.
Nutrients. 2024 Nov 27;16(23):4075. doi: 10.3390/nu16234075.
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (-3 PUFAs), specifically the most biologically active (eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)), have well-documented health-promoting effects, including, but not limited to, controlling inflammatory processes in the human body and supporting cardiovascular and cognitive health and visual processes. There is also some evidence pointing to the potential of EPA and DHA to preserve and/or enhance muscle strength. Muscle strength plays a crucial role in preventing age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass and function and the subsequent impaired functionality in the daily lives of the elderly. It also has a significant role in physical performance by aiding in the effectiveness of training elements, such as vertical jumps, sprinting, changes of direction, rate of force development, and anaerobic conditioning. Previous studies have indicated that supplementation with -3 PUFAs may have a small but significant effect on preserving and/or increasing muscle strength in both healthy adults and in elderly. However, the number of studies published on this topic is limited. The goal of this narrative review is to summarize the effects of EPA and DHA supplementation on muscle strength and identify the limitations of previous studies that, if addressed, will help confirm or exclude the beneficial effects of -3 PUFAs on muscle strength in humans.
欧米伽-3多不饱和脂肪酸（ω-3 PUFAs），特别是生物活性最强的（二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）），具有诸多已被充分证明的促进健康的作用，包括但不限于控制人体的炎症过程、支持心血管和认知健康以及视觉功能。也有一些证据表明EPA和DHA具有维持和/或增强肌肉力量的潜力。肌肉力量在预防与年龄相关的骨骼肌质量和功能下降以及老年人日常生活中随之而来的功能受损方面起着关键作用。它在身体表现中也具有重要作用，有助于提高诸如垂直跳跃、短跑、方向改变、力量发展速度和无氧训练等训练项目的效果。先前的研究表明，补充ω-3 PUFAs可能对健康成年人和老年人维持和/或增加肌肉力量有虽小但显著的影响。然而，关于这个主题发表的研究数量有限。本叙述性综述的目的是总结补充EPA和DHA对肌肉力量的影响，并确定先前研究的局限性，若能解决这些局限性，将有助于确认或排除ω-3 PUFAs对人类肌肉力量的有益作用。
