Grogan Paul, Banks Emily
Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia; School of Public Health, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia;
National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT; Sax Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Public Health Res Pract. 2020 Sep 9;30(3):3032016. doi: 10.17061/phrp3032016.
Smoking prevalence in Australia has decreased by 75% over the past 40 years. A major reduction in disease burden attributed to smoking has occurred in parallel, adjusted for the time lag between tobacco harms and disease occurrence. Yet, paradoxically, governments have seldom invested in tobacco control measures that require a financial outlay, such as social marketing, at required levels for optimal outcomes. The percentage of disease burden caused by smoking in Australia (9.3%) remains higher than that of any other preventable risk factor and the social costs are estimated at $136.9 billion annually. Tobacco control is rightly seen as an Australian public health success story. However, with up to two in three of Australia's 2.5 million current smokers at risk of dying prematurely from a smoking-related disease, much more needs to be done. In this paper, we explore a brief history of tobacco control in relation to policy reform and recent evidence, and outline the case for re-energising tobacco control at a time when public health has gained new political and social currency.
在过去40年里，澳大利亚的吸烟率下降了75%。与此同时，归因于吸烟的疾病负担也大幅减轻，这是在考虑了烟草危害与疾病发生之间的时间滞后因素后得出的结果。然而，矛盾的是，政府很少在那些需要资金投入的烟草控制措施上进行投资，比如社会营销，而达到最佳效果所需的投入水平是有明确要求的。在澳大利亚，由吸烟导致的疾病负担比例（9.3%）仍然高于任何其他可预防的风险因素，并且社会成本估计每年高达1369亿澳元。烟草控制理所当然地被视为澳大利亚公共卫生领域的一个成功案例。然而，在澳大利亚目前的250万吸烟者中，多达三分之二的人有因吸烟相关疾病而过早死亡的风险，因此还有很多工作要做。在本文中，我们探讨了与政策改革和近期证据相关的烟草控制简史，并概述了在公共卫生获得新的政治和社会影响力之际，重振烟草控制的理由。
