Valero-Martínez Carla, Martínez-Rivera Christopher, Zhen-Duan Jenny, Fukuda Marie, Alegría Margarita
Disparities Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Río Piedras Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00925, USA.
Geriatrics (Basel). 2023 Jan 20;8(1):17. doi: 10.3390/geriatrics8010017.
(1) Background: Few qualitative studies address diverse older adults' perceptions of COVID-19 vaccination in the United States, including non-English speakers and immigrant populations. This study aims to understand the attitudes of diverse, primarily immigrant older adults in the U.S. toward the COVID-19 vaccine and its influences on their vaccination decision-making. (2) Methods: The research team conducted semi-structured interviews ( = 100) in 2021 focused on understanding ethnically/racially diverse older adults' perceptions of the COVID-19 vaccine. Interviews were recorded, coded, and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. (3) Results: Thematic analyses identified three themes. (1) Older adults showed mixed attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine associated with information consumed and trust in healthcare systems; (2) health concerns and underlying medical conditions were the most influential factors of vaccine uptake; and (3) systemic barriers and trusted figures impacted vaccination decision-making of older adults. (4) Conclusions: Accessible information in diverse languages tailored to the community's fears is needed to combat vaccine mistrust. Vaccine rollout programs need to tackle the fear of vaccine side effects. Attitudes of religious leaders, family members, and physicians considerably influenced vaccine uptake, suggesting their role as trusted members for vaccine messaging for older, primarily immigrant adults. Systemic barriers, namely lack of transportation and inaccessible vaccination sites, contributed to vaccine deterrence.
(1) 背景：在美国，很少有定性研究探讨不同老年人群对新冠疫苗接种的看法，包括非英语使用者和移民群体。本研究旨在了解美国不同的、主要为移民的老年人群对新冠疫苗的态度及其对他们疫苗接种决策的影响。(2) 方法：研究团队在2021年进行了100次半结构化访谈，重点是了解不同种族/族裔的老年人群对新冠疫苗的看法。访谈进行了录音、编码，并采用主题分析方法进行分析。(3) 结果：主题分析确定了三个主题。(1) 老年人对新冠疫苗的态度不一，这与所获取的信息以及对医疗系统的信任有关；(2) 健康担忧和基础疾病是疫苗接种的最具影响力的因素；(3) 系统性障碍和受信任的人物影响了老年人的疫苗接种决策。(4) 结论：需要提供以多种语言呈现且针对社区恐惧量身定制的可获取信息，以消除对疫苗的不信任。疫苗推广计划需要解决对疫苗副作用的恐惧。宗教领袖、家庭成员和医生的态度对疫苗接种有很大影响，这表明他们作为主要是移民的老年人群疫苗信息传播中受信任成员的作用。系统性障碍，即缺乏交通和难以到达的疫苗接种地点，导致了疫苗接种受阻。
