Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Clinical Research Center of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2023 Nov;33(6):933-944. doi: 10.1038/s41370-023-00528-y. Epub 2023 Feb 24.
Growing evidence suggests that environmental factors probably play important roles in the development of gastroesophageal cancers (GOC), however, the effects of trace elements on GOC remain unclear.
To assess the effect of trace elements on GOC and the effect modification by other factors.
Hair and fingernail samples were collected from GOC cases and controls in a population-based case-control study in Taixing, China, and were used to detect the concentrations of 12 trace elements using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for concentrations of 12 trace elements in association with GOC after adjusting the other factors.
A total of 830 hair samples (581 controls and 249 cases) and 895 fingernail samples (559 controls and 336 cases) were included. Compared to the lowest-tertile concentration, the higher tertiles of Ca, Zn, Fe, Al, Cr, Pb, Se, and V were positively associated with GOC, while the higher tertiles of Mg, Mn, Sr, and As were inversely associated with GOC. Significant interactions between the hair level of Cr and two other risk factors, including smoking (P for interaction = 0.044) and alcohol drinking (P for interaction = 0.028), were observed in association with GOC.
The current study reveals that these 12 trace elements in hair and fingernails are associated with GOC to varying degrees. Further studies and animal experiments are needed to clarify the associations and explore potential mechanisms.
The role of trace elements in the development or inhibition of gastroesophageal cancers (GOC) remains unclear. In this study, we further explored the associations between 12 trace elements and GOC based on a population-based case-control study conducted in Taixing, China. Higher levels of Ca, Zn, Fe, Al, Cr, Pb, Se, and V were positively associated with increased GOC, while inverse associations between higher levels of Mg, Mn, Sr, As, and GOC were observed. Observed associations were consistent in hair and fingernail samples. Moreover, interaction effects between hair level of Cr and smoking or alcohol drinking were identified.
越来越多的证据表明，环境因素可能在胃食管癌症（GOC）的发展中起重要作用，然而，微量元素对 GOC 的影响仍不清楚。
评估微量元素对 GOC 的影响以及其他因素的效应修饰作用。
在一项基于人群的病例对照研究中，从中国泰兴的 GOC 病例和对照中采集头发和指甲样本，并使用电感耦合等离子体质谱法检测 12 种微量元素的浓度。在调整其他因素后，使用非条件逻辑回归模型计算与 GOC 相关的 12 种微量元素浓度的比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。
共纳入 830 份头发样本（581 例对照和 249 例病例）和 895 份指甲样本（559 例对照和 336 例病例）。与最低三分位浓度相比，Ca、Zn、Fe、Al、Cr、Pb、Se 和 V 的较高三分位浓度与 GOC 呈正相关，而 Mg、Mn、Sr 和 As 的较高三分位浓度与 GOC 呈负相关。在与 GOC 相关的研究中，观察到 Cr 头发水平与其他两个危险因素（包括吸烟[交互作用 P 值=0.044]和饮酒[交互作用 P 值=0.028]）之间存在显著交互作用。
本研究表明，头发和指甲中的这 12 种微量元素与 GOC 有不同程度的关联。需要进一步的研究和动物实验来阐明这些关联并探索潜在的机制。
微量元素在胃食管癌症（GOC）的发生或抑制中的作用仍不清楚。在这项基于中国泰兴的人群病例对照研究中，我们进一步探讨了 12 种微量元素与 GOC 之间的关联。较高水平的 Ca、Zn、Fe、Al、Cr、Pb、Se 和 V 与 GOC 风险增加呈正相关，而较高水平的 Mg、Mn、Sr、As 与 GOC 呈负相关。在头发和指甲样本中观察到的关联是一致的。此外，还发现了 Cr 头发水平与吸烟或饮酒之间的交互作用。
