Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2023 Feb 24;13(1):3237. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-30266-y.
Macrophages (MQs) pro-inflammatory phenotype is triggered by gliadin peptides. Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) showed to enhance the anti-inflammatory phenotype of MQs. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of A. muciniphila, on gliadin stimulated THP-1 derived macrophages. THP-1 cell line monocytes were differentiated into MQs by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). MQs were treated with A. muciniphila before and after stimulation with gliadin (pre- and post-treat). CD11b, as a marker of macrophage differentiation, and CD206 and CD80, as M1 and M2 markers, were evaluated by flow cytometry technique. The mRNA expression of TGF-β, IL-6, and IL-10 and protein levels of IL-10 and TNF-α were measured by RT-PCR and ELISA techniques, respectively. Results show an increased percentage of M1 phenotype and release of proinflammatory cytokines (like TNF-α and IL-6) by macrophages upon incubation with gliadin. Pre- and post-treatment of gliadin-stimulated macrophages with A. muciniphila induced M2 phenotype associated with decreased proinflammatory (IL-6, TNF-α) and increased anti-inflammatory (IL-10, TGF-β) cytokines expression relative to the group that was treated with gliadin alone. This study suggests the potential beneficial effect of A. muciniphila on gliadin-stimulated MQs and the importance of future studies focusing on their exact mechanism of action on these cells.
巨噬细胞（MQs）的促炎表型是由麦胶肽触发的。阿克曼氏菌（A. muciniphila）被证明可以增强 MQs 的抗炎表型。本研究旨在研究阿克曼氏菌对麦胶刺激的 THP-1 衍生巨噬细胞的抗炎作用。THP-1 细胞系单核细胞通过佛波醇 12-肉豆蔻酸 13-乙酸酯（PMA）分化为 MQs。在麦胶刺激前后用阿克曼氏菌处理 MQs（预处理和后处理）。通过流式细胞术技术评估 CD11b（作为巨噬细胞分化的标志物）和 CD206 和 CD80（作为 M1 和 M2 标志物）的表达。通过 RT-PCR 和 ELISA 技术分别测量 TGF-β、IL-6 和 IL-10 的 mRNA 表达和 IL-10 和 TNF-α 的蛋白水平。结果显示，与单独用麦胶处理的组相比，与巨噬细胞孵育时，麦胶增加了 M1 表型的百分比和促炎细胞因子（如 TNF-α 和 IL-6）的释放。用阿克曼氏菌预处理和后处理麦胶刺激的巨噬细胞诱导与 M2 表型相关的，与促炎细胞因子（IL-6、TNF-α）减少和抗炎细胞因子（IL-10、TGF-β）表达增加相关。本研究表明阿克曼氏菌对麦胶刺激的 MQs 可能具有潜在的有益作用，并且未来的研究应重点关注它们对这些细胞的确切作用机制。
