Zhao Kai, Zhou Duoqi, Ge Mengrui, Zhang Yixun, Li Wenhui, Han Yu, He Guangyu, Shi Shuiqin
Anhui Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Research and Ecological Protection in Southwest Anhui, School of Life Sciences, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, China.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Feb 17;13(4):707. doi: 10.3390/ani13040707.
The intestinal microbiota of migratory birds participate in the life activities of the host and are affected by external environmental factors. The difference in habitat environment provides diversity in external environmental selection pressure for the same overwintering waterfowl, which may be reflected in their intestinal microbiota. Caizi lake and Shengjin Lake in the Middle and Lower Yangtze River Floodplain are the main habitats for migratory waterfowl in winter, especially the (). It is important to explore the changes in intestinal microbiota composition and function of in the early overwintering period to clarify the effect of habitat size and protection status on intestinal microbiota. In this study, the composition and structural characteristics of the intestinal microbiota of in Shengjin Lake (SL) and Caizi Lake (CL) were preliminarily explored in order to obtain data for the migratory birds. In both SL and CL groups, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing analysis showed that Firmicutes was the dominant bacterial phylum, but the relative abundance showed significant differences. was the most abundant genus in both SL and CL groups. At the species level, the abundance of was the highest, with a relative abundance in both SL and CL groups of more than 34%. When comparing the average relative abundance of the 15 most abundant genera, it was found that , , and had higher abundances in the intestinal microbiota of CL , while and had higher abundances in the intestinal microbiota of SL . There was only a positive correlation between and in the intestinal microbiota flora of SL , and the species were closely related. At the same time, there were positive and negative correlations between Firmicutes and Actinomycetes. However, CL is mainly associated with a positive correlation between Firmicutes and Actinomycetes, and there are also a small number of connections between Firmicutes. PICRUSt1 prediction analysis revealed that the Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG) functions of SL and CL involve energy production and transformation, amino acid transport and metabolism, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, and transcription. Understanding the changes in intestinal microbiota in Aves during the overwintering period is of great importance to explore the adaptation mechanism of migratory Aves to the overwintering environment. This work provides basic data for an intestinal microbiota study.
候鸟的肠道微生物群参与宿主的生命活动，并受外部环境因素影响。栖息地环境的差异为同一越冬水禽提供了外部环境选择压力的多样性，这可能体现在它们的肠道微生物群中。长江中下游平原的菜子湖和升金湖是冬季候鸟的主要栖息地，尤其是（）。探究越冬初期（）肠道微生物群组成和功能的变化，以阐明栖息地面积和保护状况对肠道微生物群的影响很重要。在本研究中，为了获取候鸟的数据，初步探究了升金湖（SL）和菜子湖（CL）中（）肠道微生物群的组成和结构特征。在SL组和CL组中，16S rRNA扩增子测序分析表明，厚壁菌门是主要的细菌门类，但相对丰度存在显著差异。（）是SL组和CL组中最丰富的属。在物种水平上，（）的丰度最高，在SL组和CL组中的相对丰度均超过34%。比较15个最丰富属的平均相对丰度时发现，（）、（）和（）在CL的肠道微生物群中的丰度较高，而（）和（）在SL的肠道微生物群中的丰度较高。SL的肠道微生物菌群中只有（）与（）呈正相关，且物种关系密切。同时，厚壁菌门和放线菌门之间存在正相关和负相关。然而，CL主要与厚壁菌门和放线菌门之间的正相关有关，厚壁菌门之间也有少量联系。PICRUSt1预测分析表明，SL和CL的直系同源基因簇（COG）功能涉及能量产生和转化、氨基酸转运和代谢、碳水化合物转运和代谢以及转录。了解越冬期间鸟类肠道微生物群的变化对于探究候鸟对越冬环境的适应机制至关重要。这项工作为（）肠道微生物群研究提供了基础数据。
