Wolframm Inga A, Douglas Janet, Pearson Gemma
Applied Research Centre, Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences, Larensteinselaan 26-A, 6882 CT Velp, The Netherlands.
World Horse Welfare, Anne Colvin House, Snetterton, Norwich NR16 2LR, UK.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Feb 19;13(4):748. doi: 10.3390/ani13040748.
Equestrianism is currently facing a range of pressing challenges. These challenges, which are largely based on evolving attitudes to ethics and equine wellbeing, have consequences for the sport's social licence to operate. The factors that may have contributed to the current situation include overarching societal trends, specific aspects of the equestrian sector, and factors rooted in human nature. If equestrianism is to flourish, it is evident that much needs to change, not the least, human behaviour. To this end, using established behaviour change frameworks that have been scientifically validated and are rooted in practice-most notably, Michie et al.'s COM-B model and Behaviour Change Wheel-could be of practical value for developing and implementing equine welfare strategies. This review summarises the theoretical underpinnings of some behaviour change frameworks and provides a practical, step-by-step approach to designing an effective behaviour change intervention. A real-world example is provided through the retrospective analysis of an intervention strategy that aimed to increase the use of learning theory in (educational) veterinary practice. We contend that the incorporation of effective behaviour change interventions into any equine welfare improvement strategy may help to safeguard the future of equestrianism.
马术运动目前正面临一系列紧迫的挑战。这些挑战主要基于对伦理和马匹福祉不断演变的态度，对该运动的社会运营许可产生了影响。可能导致当前状况的因素包括总体社会趋势、马术行业的具体方面以及源于人性的因素。如果马术运动要蓬勃发展，显然许多方面需要改变，尤其是人类行为。为此，使用经过科学验证且基于实践的既定行为改变框架——最显著的是米基等人的COM-B模型和行为改变轮——对于制定和实施马匹福利策略可能具有实际价值。本综述总结了一些行为改变框架的理论基础，并提供了一种设计有效行为改变干预措施的实用、循序渐进的方法。通过对一项旨在增加（教育性）兽医实践中学习理论应用的干预策略的回顾性分析，给出了一个实际例子。我们认为，将有效的行为改变干预措施纳入任何马匹福利改善策略中，可能有助于保障马术运动的未来。
