Marruganti Crystal, Shin Hye-Sun, Sim Seon-Ju, Grandini Simone, Laforí Andreina, Romandini Mario
Unit of Periodontology, Endodontology and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Biomedicines. 2023 Feb 2;11(2):443. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11020443.
Air pollutants can influence local and systemic inflammation, oxidative stress and microbiome composition. Therefore, air pollution may potentially represent an unexplored modifiable risk indicator for periodontitis. The aim of the current cross-sectional study was to investigate the epidemiological association between outdoor air pollution and periodontitis in a representative sample of the South Korean population.
A total of 42,020 individuals, which were representative of 35.2 million South Koreans, were examined. The mean annual levels of particulate matter of 10 μm (PM10), ozone, sulfur dioxide (SO), nitrogen dioxide (NO) and humidity, were studied. Periodontitis was defined according to the Community Periodontal Index (CPI ≥ 3). Simple and multiple regression analyses using four different models were applied.
Every 5-μg/m increase in PM10 (OR = 1.17; 95% confidence interval-CI: 1.11-1.24) and of 0.005 ppm in ozone levels (OR = 1.4; 95% CI: 1.00-1.30) were positively associated with periodontitis prevalence. Conversely, every 5% increase in humidity (OR = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.90-0.99) and 0.003 ppm increase in NO levels (OR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.89-0.96) were inversely associated with periodontitis occurrence.
In this nationally representative population several air pollutants were found to be associated with periodontitis occurrence. Hence, the present results suggest that air pollution may be a new modifiable risk indicator for periodontitis.
空气污染物可影响局部和全身炎症、氧化应激及微生物群组成。因此，空气污染可能是牙周炎一个尚未被探索的可改变风险指标。本横断面研究的目的是在韩国人群的代表性样本中调查室外空气污染与牙周炎之间的流行病学关联。
共检查了42020名个体，他们代表了3520万韩国人。研究了10μm颗粒物（PM10）、臭氧、二氧化硫（SO）、二氧化氮（NO）的年均水平及湿度。根据社区牙周指数（CPI≥3）定义牙周炎。应用了四种不同模型进行单因素和多因素回归分析。
PM10每增加5μg/m³（比值比-OR=1.17；95%置信区间-CI：1.11-1.24）以及臭氧水平每增加0.005ppm（OR=1.4；95%CI：1.00-1.30）均与牙周炎患病率呈正相关。相反，湿度每增加5%（OR=0.94；95%CI：0.90-0.99）以及NO水平每增加0.003ppm（OR=0.93；95%CI：0.89-0.96）均与牙周炎发生呈负相关。
在这个具有全国代表性的人群中，发现几种空气污染物与牙周炎发生有关。因此，目前的结果表明空气污染可能是牙周炎一个新的可改变风险指标。
