Xiao Xian-Pei, Liang Rui, Luo Yin-Fei, Li Xiu-Ming, Li Yao, Liu Yuan, Zhou Xiao-Li, Li Zhi-Heng
Department of Critical Care Medicine, Luojiang District People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, Sichuan, China.
Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2025 Sep 5;104(36):e44258. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000044258.
Epidemiological studies have already established associations between air pollutants and adverse health outcomes, but the causal associations between air pollutants and chest pain (CP) and gingival pain (GP) remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the potential causal effects of air pollutants on CP and GP. Utilizing genome-wide association study summary statistics from European-ancestry populations, we conducted bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Causal estimates were primarily derived through inverse-variance weighted regression, weighted median, MR-Egger, and weighted mode methods to assess pleiotropy and robustness. Multivariable MR (MVMR) further adjusted for smoking and alcohol consumption covariates. MR analyses demonstrated significant causal effects of particulate matter (PM) 2.5 exposure on both CP (OR = 1.060, 95% CI: 1.036-1.085, P = 5.51 × 10-07) and GP (OR = 1.031, 95% CI: 1.008-1.056, P = .008). Further MVMR analysis supported that the causal associations of PM2.5 exposure with CP and GP persisted after controlling for smoking and alcohol consumption. No significant causal effects were observed for PM10, PM2.5-10, or nitrogen oxides exposure. Our findings provide novel genetic evidence that long-term PM₂.₅ exposure independently increases risks of CP and GP, underscoring the need for targeted air quality interventions and public health strategies to mitigate particulate matter-related disease burden.
流行病学研究已经证实了空气污染物与不良健康后果之间的关联，但空气污染物与胸痛（CP）和牙龈疼痛（GP）之间的因果关系仍不明确。本研究旨在探讨空气污染物对CP和GP的潜在因果效应。利用欧洲血统人群的全基因组关联研究汇总统计数据，我们进行了双向两样本孟德尔随机化（MR）分析。因果估计主要通过逆方差加权回归、加权中位数、MR-Egger和加权模式方法得出，以评估多效性和稳健性。多变量MR（MVMR）进一步对吸烟和饮酒协变量进行了调整。MR分析表明，颗粒物（PM）2.5暴露对CP（OR = 1.060，95%CI：1.036 - 1.085，P = 5.51×10-07）和GP（OR = 1.031，95%CI：1.008 - 1.056，P = 0.008）均有显著因果效应。进一步的MVMR分析支持，在控制吸烟和饮酒后，PM2.5暴露与CP和GP之间的因果关联仍然存在。未观察到PM10、PM2.5 - 10或氮氧化物暴露有显著因果效应。我们的研究结果提供了新的遗传证据，即长期暴露于PM₂.₅会独立增加CP和GP的风险，强调了需要有针对性的空气质量干预措施和公共卫生策略来减轻与颗粒物相关的疾病负担。
