Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Biosensors (Basel). 2023 Feb 20;13(2):298. doi: 10.3390/bios13020298.
The ability to self-test for HIV is vital to preventing transmission, particularly when used in concert with HIV biomedical prevention modalities, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). In this paper, we review recent developments in HIV self-testing and self-sampling methods, and the potential future impact of novel materials and methods that emerged through efforts to develop more effective point-of-care (POC) SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics. We address the gaps in existing HIV self-testing technologies, where improvements in test sensitivity, sample-to-answer time, simplicity, and cost are needed to enhance diagnostic accuracy and widespread accessibility. We discuss potential paths toward the next generation of HIV self-testing through sample collection materials, biosensing assay techniques, and miniaturized instrumentation. We discuss the implications for other applications, such as self-monitoring of HIV viral load and other infectious diseases.
自我进行 HIV 检测对于预防传播至关重要，尤其是与 HIV 生物医学预防方法（如暴露前预防措施）联合使用时。在本文中，我们回顾了 HIV 自我检测和自我采样方法的最新进展，以及通过开发更有效的即时护理（POC）SARS-CoV-2 诊断方法而出现的新型材料和方法可能带来的未来影响。我们讨论了现有 HIV 自我检测技术的差距，需要提高测试灵敏度、样本到答案的时间、简单性和成本，以提高诊断准确性和广泛可及性。我们讨论了通过样本采集材料、生物传感分析技术和微型化仪器来实现下一代 HIV 自我检测的潜在途径。我们还讨论了其对其他应用的影响，如 HIV 病毒载量和其他传染病的自我监测。
