Lyros Ioannis, Tsolakis Ioannis A, Maroulakos Michael P, Fora Eleni, Lykogeorgos Theodoros, Dalampira Maria, Tsolakis Apostolos I
Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54623 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Children (Basel). 2023 Jan 28;10(2):230. doi: 10.3390/children10020230.
The achievement of aesthetic, functional occlusion should not mark the end of the orthodontic intervention. To prevent relapse, retention needs advance planning, and may vary in duration. This review aims to present and comment on the available means of retention. The ever-popular, passive Hawley-like removable appliances are credible in maintaining the desired occlusion. Modifications are the removable appliance Wrap Around, having the labial archwire extending to the premolars; the translucent retainer, Astics, a unique aesthetic Hawley-type device; and the reinforced removable retainer, which features a metallic grid reinforcing the acrylic base. Vacuum-formed retainers are easy to fabricate and are readily prescribed. By contrast, fixed retainers are made of orthodontic wire and composite resin bonded on the lingual or palatal surfaces of the anterior teeth. Patient-related variables need evaluation to select the appropriate retainer, while patients ought to realize the importance of retention and comply with offered guidance. Overall, the orthodontist is responsible for keeping the patient informed on the properties and the duration of retention, even before starting active orthodontic treatment.
实现美观、功能良好的咬合不应标志着正畸干预的结束。为防止复发，保持需要提前规划，且持续时间可能有所不同。本综述旨在介绍并评论现有的保持方法。一直广受欢迎的类霍利被动式可摘矫治器在维持理想咬合方面是可靠的。改良型有环绕式可摘矫治器，其唇弓丝延伸至前磨牙；半透明保持器Astics，一种独特的美观型霍利式装置；以及增强型可摘保持器，其特点是有金属网格加固丙烯酸基托。真空压膜保持器易于制作且易于开具处方。相比之下，固定保持器由正畸钢丝和复合树脂制成，粘结在前牙的舌侧或腭侧表面。需要评估与患者相关的变量以选择合适的保持器，同时患者应认识到保持的重要性并遵守所提供的指导。总体而言，正畸医生有责任在开始积极的正畸治疗之前就让患者了解保持器的特性和保持时间。
