Sengupta Sayantan, Christensen Tue, Ravn-Haren Gitte, Andersen Rikke
Research Group for Risk Benefit, National Food Institute, Technical University of Demark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Research Group for Nutrition, Sustainability and Health Promotion, National Food Institute, Technical University of Demark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Foods. 2023 Feb 6;12(4):698. doi: 10.3390/foods12040698.
The dietary vitamin D intake of the Danish population is low, and food fortification is a strategy to increase intake. This paper explores the possibility of vitamin D fortification on the current population food intake in Denmark, such that the population receives adequate amounts of vitamin D without having to change current dietary patterns. A mixed-integer programming approach is used to arrive at a solution for the optimal fortification required at each food group level so that the majority of the population receive the minimum intake of average requirement (AR) and do not exceed the tolerable upper intake level (UL). The method shows a significant increase in vitamin D intake compared to the current scenario, keeping a neutral approach towards preferences of one food group over others. The method can also be fine-tuned in different scenarios where certain food group preferences are known, which can be encoded into the model in the form of constraints.
丹麦人群从饮食中摄入的维生素D含量较低，而食品强化是增加摄入量的一种策略。本文探讨了在丹麦当前人群食物摄入量的基础上进行维生素D强化的可能性，以便人群在无需改变当前饮食模式的情况下获得足够量的维生素D。采用混合整数规划方法来得出每个食物组水平所需的最佳强化方案，从而使大多数人群获得平均需求量（AR）的最低摄入量，且不超过可耐受最高摄入量（UL）。与当前情况相比，该方法显示维生素D摄入量显著增加，对一个食物组相对于其他食物组的偏好保持中立态度。在某些食物组偏好已知的不同情况下，该方法也可以进行微调，这些偏好可以以约束的形式编码到模型中。
