College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
Liaoning Provincial Animal Husbandry Development Center, Liaoning Province Agricultural Development Service Center, Shenyang 110032, China.
Genes (Basel). 2023 Jan 30;14(2):361. doi: 10.3390/genes14020361.
The quality of meat is highly correlated with muscle fiber type. However, the mechanisms via which proteins regulate muscle fiber types in pigs are not entirely understood. In the current study, we have performed proteomic profiling of fast/glycolytic biceps femoris (BF) and slow/oxidative soleus (SOL) muscles and identified several candidate differential proteins among these. We performed proteomic analyses based on tandem mass tags (TMTs) and identified a total of 26,228 peptides corresponding to 2667 proteins among the BF and SOL muscle samples. Among these, we found 204 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between BF and SOL muscle, with 56 up-regulated and 148 down-regulated DEPs in SOL muscle samples. KEGG and GO enrichment analyses of the DEPs revealed that the DEPs are involved in some GO terms (e.g., actin cytoskeleton, myosin complex, and cytoskeletal parts) and signaling pathways (PI3K-Akt and NF-kappa B signaling pathways) that influence muscle fiber type. A regulatory network of protein-protein interaction (PPI) between these DEPs that regulates muscle fiber types was constructed, which demonstrates how three down-regulated DEPs, including PFKM, GAPDH, and PKM, interact with other proteins to potentially control the glycolytic process. This study offers a new understanding of the molecular mechanisms in glycolytic and oxidative muscles as well as a novel approach for enhancing meat quality by transforming the type of muscle fibers in pigs.
肌肉纤维类型与肉质高度相关。然而，蛋白质调控猪肌肉纤维类型的机制尚未完全阐明。在本研究中，我们对快肌/糖酵解比目鱼肌（BF）和慢肌/氧化腓肠肌（SOL）进行了蛋白质组学分析，并在这些肌肉中鉴定了几种候选差异蛋白。我们基于串联质量标签（TMT）进行了蛋白质组学分析，在 BF 和 SOL 肌肉样本中总共鉴定到 2667 种蛋白质对应的 26228 个肽段。其中，我们在 BF 和 SOL 肌肉之间发现了 204 个差异表达蛋白（DEPs），SOL 肌肉样本中 56 个上调和 148 个下调 DEPs。对 DEPs 的KEGG 和 GO 富集分析表明，DEPs 参与了一些 GO 术语（如肌动蛋白细胞骨架、肌球蛋白复合物和细胞骨架部分）和信号通路（PI3K-Akt 和 NF-κB 信号通路），这些术语和信号通路影响肌肉纤维类型。构建了这些 DEPs 之间调控肌肉纤维类型的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）调控网络，表明三个下调的 DEPs（包括 PFKM、GAPDH 和 PKM）如何与其他蛋白质相互作用，以潜在控制糖酵解过程。本研究为理解糖酵解和氧化肌肉的分子机制提供了新的认识，也为通过改变猪肌肉纤维类型来提高肉质提供了新的方法。
