Körber Tania T, Sitz Tobias, Abdalla Muna A, Mühling Karl H, Rohn Sascha
Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Hermann-Rodewald-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Feb 13;24(4):3728. doi: 10.3390/ijms24043728.
Sulfur (S) deprivation leads to abiotic stress in plants. This can have a significant impact on membrane lipids, illustrated by a change in either the lipid class and/or the fatty acid distribution. Three different levels of S (deprivation, adequate, and excess) in the form of potassium sulfate were used to identify individual thylakoid membrane lipids, which might act as markers in S nutrition (especially under stress conditions). The thylakoid membrane consists of the three glycolipid classes: monogalactosyl- (MGDG), digalactosyl- (DGDG), and sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerols (SQDG). All of them have two fatty acids linked, differing in chain length and degree of saturation. LC-ESI-MS/MS served as a powerful method to identify trends in the change in individual lipids and to understand strategies of the plant responding to stress. Being a good model plant, but also one of the most important fresh-cut vegetables in the world, lettuce ( L.) has already been shown to respond significantly to different states of sulfur supply. The results showed a transformation of the glycolipids in lettuce plants and trends towards a higher degree of saturation of the lipids and an increased level of oxidized SQDG under S-limiting conditions. Changes in individual MGDG, DGDG, and oxidized SQDG were associated to S-related stress for the first time. Promisingly, oxidized SQDG might even serve as markers for further abiotic stress factors.
硫（S）缺乏会导致植物产生非生物胁迫。这会对膜脂产生重大影响，具体表现为脂类种类和/或脂肪酸分布的变化。以硫酸钾形式设置了三种不同水平的硫（缺乏、充足和过量），用于鉴定可能作为硫营养（尤其是在胁迫条件下）标志物的单个类囊体膜脂。类囊体膜由三种糖脂组成：单半乳糖基甘油二酯（MGDG）、二半乳糖基甘油二酯（DGDG）和磺基喹喔啉基二酰基甘油（SQDG）。它们都连接有两个脂肪酸，脂肪酸的链长和饱和度不同。液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法（LC-ESI-MS/MS）是一种强大的方法，可用于识别单个脂类变化的趋势，并了解植物应对胁迫的策略。生菜（L.）作为一种优良的模式植物，也是世界上最重要的鲜切蔬菜之一，已被证明对不同的硫供应状态有显著响应。结果表明，生菜植株中的糖脂发生了转变，在硫限制条件下，脂类饱和度有升高趋势，氧化型SQDG水平增加。首次发现单个MGDG、DGDG和氧化型SQDG的变化与硫相关胁迫有关。有希望的是，氧化型SQDG甚至可能作为进一步非生物胁迫因素的标志物。
